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MILESTONES IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF MASS HIGHER EDUCATION USA - Land Grant - GI Bill

MILESTONES IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF MASS HIGHER EDUCATION USA - Land Grant - GI Bill. MILESTONES IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF MASS HIGHER EDUCATION USA - Land Grant - GI Bill UK - The Open University. ILLINOIS BOARD OF HIGHER EDUCATION June 8, 1999 Aurora, IL Technology, Higher Education

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MILESTONES IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF MASS HIGHER EDUCATION USA - Land Grant - GI Bill

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  1. MILESTONES IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF MASS HIGHER EDUCATION USA - Land Grant - GI Bill

  2. MILESTONES IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF MASS HIGHER EDUCATION USA - Land Grant - GI Bill UK - The Open University

  3. ILLINOIS BOARD OF HIGHER EDUCATION June 8, 1999 Aurora, IL Technology, Higher Education and the Public Interest Sir John DanielVice-Chancellor, The Open University, UKPresident, United States Open University For text:http://www.open.ac.uk/vcs-speeches/

  4. Four issues: - Why distance learning?

  5. Four issues: - Why distance learning? - Benefits of distance learning

  6. Four issues: - Why distance learning? - Benefits of distance learning - Technology in Illinois

  7. Four issues: - Why distance learning? - Benefits of distance learning - Technology in Illinois - United States Open University

  8. Four issues: What can distance learning do for you?

  9. TECHNOLOGY IS THE ANSWER: WHAT WAS THE QUESTION?

  10. THE ETERNALLY CHALLENGING TRIANGLE ACCESS QUALITY COST

  11. OR QUADRILATERAL... COST ACCESS FLEXIBILITY QUALITY

  12. THE ETERNALLY CHALLENGING TRIANGLE ACCESS QUALITY COST

  13. WHAT ABOUT QUALITY? ?

  14. UK Quality Assurance Agency for HE 1. Audit of QA processes 2. Assessment of Teaching Quality 3. Assessment of Research

  15. CHALLENGES • Access • Cost • Flexibility

  16. THE ETERNALLY CHALLENGING TRIANGLE FLEXIBILITY COST QUALITY

  17. THE ETERNALLY CHALLENGING TRIANGLE ACCESS QUALITY COST

  18. What is technology? …the application of scientific and other organized knowledge to practical tasks by organizations consisting of people and machines..

  19. “new applications of technology rather than applications of new technology”

  20. Distance learning uses hard and soft technologies... the softtechnologies of approachesandprocesses thehardtechnologies of bitsand electrons

  21. THE KEY soft TECHNOLOGIES - DIVISION OF LABOR - SPECIALIZATION - TEAMWORK - PROJECT MANAGEMENT

  22. MEGA-UNIVERSITY • distance teaching • 100,000+ students • unitary structure

  23. THE MEGA-UNIVERSITIES CHINA: TV university systemFRANCE: Centre National d’Enseignement à DistanceINDIA: Indira Gandhi National Open UniversityINDONESIA: Universitas TerbukaIRAN: Payame Noor UniversityKOREA: Korea National Open UniversitySOUTH AFRICA: University of South AfricaSPAIN: Universidad Nacional de Educación a DistanciaTHAILAND: Sukhothai Thammathirat Open UniversityTURKEY: Anadolu UniversityUNITED KINGDOM: The Open University

  24. Costs compared: USA (1996) 3,500 institutions14 million students$175 billion spent on HE = ~$12,500 per student MEGA-UNIVERSITIES (1996) 11 institutions2.8 million students$ 1 billion total budgets = ~$350 per student

  25. Unit costs per student expressed as % of average unit costs in each national university system % 40 50 35 15 25 5 50 40 30 10 60 CHINA FRANCE INDIA INDONESIA IRAN KOREA S. AFRICA SPAIN THAILAND TURKEY UK China TV University system Centre National d’Enseignement a Distance Indira Gandhi National Open University Universitas Terbuka Payame Noor University Korea National Open University University of South Africa Univ. Nat. de Educacion a Distancia Sukhothai Thammathirat Open University Anadolu University The Open University

  26. WHAT ABOUT QUALITY? ?

  27. BRITAIN’S TOP TWENTY UNIVERSITIES(Quality Rankings of Teaching Programmes) 1 Cambridge 12 Lancaster 2 York 13 St Andrews 3 Oxford 14 Loughborough 4 Imperial 15 Southampton 5 LSE 16 Cardiff 6 Warwick 17 Glasgow 7 Nottingham 18 Bangor 8 Durham 19 Birmingham 9 University College London 20 Bristol 10 Sheffield 11OPEN UNIVERSITY

  28. United Kingdom 1998 Teaching Quality Assessment of GENERAL ENGINEERING 24/24 The Open University

  29. United Kingdom 1998 Teaching Quality Assessment of GENERAL ENGINEERING 24/24 The Open University 23/24 Cambridge University

  30. FACT The majority of all students in English universities studying in excellent-rated programs in: Earth SciencesMusicChemistryGeneral Engineering are Open Universitystudents.

  31. The link between quality and exclusivity, that has tarnished universities throughout history, has finally been broken.

  32. The Open University? - why - what? - who? - when? - where? - how?

  33. Q: WHY? Political input 1. Harold Wilson: Access; Use of broadcasting 2. Jennie Lee Quality; Autonomy 3. Margaret Thatcher Lower costs

  34. TheOpen University mission - open to people - open to places - open to methods - open to ideas

  35. The Open University - degree students: 160,000 - graduate school: 30,000 - research degree: 1,500 - outside UK: 30,000 - annual budget ~$400m

  36. The Open University Total staff: 11,000 Full-time faculty: 800 Associate faculty: 7,500 Other full-time staff: 2,800

  37. The Open University - outside UK: 30,000 - main examination session: 156,000 scripts; 111 countries

  38. SUCCESSFUL SUPPORTED OPEN LEARNING - Quality materials

  39. SUCCESSFUL SUPPORTED OPEN LEARNING - Quality materials - Support for each student

  40. SUCCESSFUL SUPPORTED OPEN LEARNING - Quality materials - Support for each student - Good logistics

  41. SUCCESSFUL SUPPORTED OPEN LEARNING - Quality materials - Support for each student - Good logistics - Roots in research

  42. THE INSTITUTE FOREDUCATIONALTECHNOLOGY - advice on course design - student surveys - teaching effectiveness - consultancy

  43. THE KNOWLEDGE MEDIAINSTITUTE - Leading edge development of the Web; - Scaling up Net technologies; - Enabling technologies - New Internet applications

  44. Four issues: - Why distance learning? - Benefits of distance learning - Technology in Illinois

  45. Requisite Variety in Illinois 1. Illinois Video Education Network - extending into the home

  46. Requisite Variety in Illinois 1. Illinois Video Education Network - extending into the home 2. Online Library Services and DE

  47. Requisite Variety in Illinois 1. Illinois Video Education Network - extending into the home 2. Online Library Services and DE 3. Satellite-based instruction (N.Leigh)

  48. Requisite Variety in Illinois 1. Illinois Video Education Network - extending into the home 2. Online Library Services and DE 3. Satellite-based instruction (N.Leigh) 4. TechKnowledgy Project

  49. The Open Universityin the USA - Partnerships:with FSU (Masters, Upper Division)with CSU (CalStateTeach)

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