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Explore strategies and regulations for mitigating the impact of climate change on housing in the 21st century. Learn about zero-carbon policies, energy-efficient standards, and innovative approaches to creating sustainable homes.
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Climate change andHousing for the 21st Century Stephen Palmer Place : architecture
Climate Change In 2007, the IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change) reported that global warming is "unequivocal" and very likely (> 90%) to be caused by human activities.
What if we do nothing? • increase in temperature of 2.5°C by 2100 • sea-levels will rise by 49 cm over the next 100 years
UK / EU Policy • DIRECTIVE 2010/31/EU OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNCIL of 19 May 2010 on the energy performance of buildings (EPBD) all buildings to be nZEB by 2020 • Climate Change Act 2008 (CCA) 80% reduction in GHG emissions by 2050
UK Zero Carbon Policy ‘All new homes from 2016 to mitigate all on-site carbon emissions as a result of regulated energy use’: (and BREEAM / Code for Sustainable Homes) Scrapped! Where to now? What standards and definitions to adopt?
Regulation • Building Regulations 2013 • Approved Document L1A & B • SAP 2009: • CO2 target - TER • Fabric energy efficiency - TFEE • Heating & lighting • Control of overheating • Thermal bridging • Air testing – (5m3/(m2.h)@50Pa) • High efficiency systems (eg district heating, heat pumps)
nZEB nearly Zero Energy Buildings – how near to zero? Definitions?: • Primary energy / green house gas emissions? • Energy demand v. renewable energy? • Passive house principles • New / refit standards?
Passivhaus? • Ready for nZEB 2020 • Health & wellbeing • Improved comfort and ventilation • Improved methodology PHPP • Controls the performance gap (design, build, test) • Reduce fuel poverty
Passivhaus principles • Minimal fabric heat losses. • Passive heat sources; sun, occupants, appliances and heat from extract air. • Remaining space heating provided only via supply air.
Low energy design & planning • Terraces and apartments • Compact, multi storey • Orientation & glazing • Sustainable drainage • Renewable / community energy systems
Housing an ageing population • Integrated, sustainable communities • New typologies for changing needs • Lifetime homes and neighbourhoods • Streets and places for people • Lords select committee on built environment • Adapt / improve existing homes • City Centre / High Street regeneration?
Low energy Re-fit • Energiesprong • Enerphit • EuroPHit 80% of 2050 housing already built
Type specific solutions: • Heritage assets • Medium/high rise • Town house • Suburban • City centre • Making existing homes and neighbourhoods work • Creating integrated communities