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CUBA: Elements for the National Report Process Barbados + 10 Subregional Caribbean, Port Spain,

CUBA: Elements for the National Report Process Barbados + 10 Subregional Caribbean, Port Spain, Trinidad and Tobago 2003. GENERAL INDICATORS. Population's indicators . Source : Panorama Económico y Social 2002, ONE, 2003. Indicators of Health .

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CUBA: Elements for the National Report Process Barbados + 10 Subregional Caribbean, Port Spain,

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  1. CUBA: Elements for the National Report Process Barbados + 10 Subregional Caribbean, Port Spain, Trinidad and Tobago 2003

  2. GENERAL INDICATORS

  3. Population's indicators Source: Panorama Económico y Social 2002, ONE, 2003.

  4. Indicators of Health Source: Panorama Económico y Social 2002, ONE, 2003.

  5. Indicators of Education Source: Panorama Económico y Social 2002, ONE, 2003

  6. DATA HIV/AIDS (1986/23-9-03) TOTAL SEROPOSITIVOS 5 018 TOTAL OF CASES (AIDS) 2 225 AIDS ALIVE CASES 1 117* PVHIV/AIDS 3 851 DIED BY AIDS 1 097 INDEX TO PREVALENT 0,05 * All with treatment antirretroviral of national production

  7. Social program prioritized that they reaffirm the principles justness and social justice of the Revolution • Education •  - Courses of integral superation for detached youths of the study and the work, where 119 575 youths receive a qualification and they elevate their self-esteem, what has produced a great social impact. • - Existence of 4 Schools of Social Workers with a registration of 7 151 students. • - Introduction of audiovisual means to elevate the quality of to teaching with the concept of having a television for classroom and a video for each 100 students. • -  Reduction to 20 students for teacher in the primary teaching in City of Havana.

  8. - Creation of the educational channel with covering for almost the whole country.The Program University for All consolidates, through the they have been imparted but of 15 courses for the whole population. • Invigoration of the work of the Editorial Freedom, through which 6789 school libraries have been distributed. • Construction of 1 519 rural rooms of television, located in establishments without electric service, benefitting more than 300 thousand people. • - Massive introduction of the use of the computers in all the teaching levels, with more than 50 000 computers.

  9. Sector of the Health • - the infantile maternal programs, staying those of prevention of transmissible illnesses and that of the biggest adult, among others. • the graduation of 741 students of the Emergent Plan of Infirmary in the 2002. • the improvements in the readiness of medications, with important investments in the laboratories and pharmacies, among others. • development of dozens of biotechnical products, including vaccines for the treatment of the cancer; it is had 200 sanitary registrations approved in 52 nations and with 500 patents requested in different countries.

  10. Basic Principles of the Cuban Environmental Policy The right to a healthy environment Protection of the environment - an obligation Integral and y transectoral environmental management

  11. CITMA –Agencies • Direction of the Environment • Environmental Agency. • Office of Regulation • Provincial Units. + Specialists in Municipalities. • Structures in charge of the environment in every Agency.

  12. Major Problems Identified in the N.E.S., 1997 • Soil degradation (erosion, insufficient • drainage, salinization, acidity, compact • soils). • Deterioration of sanitation and of • environmental conditions in human • settlements. • Inland and sea water pollution. • Deforestation. • Loss of biological diversity.

  13. SOME INSTRUMENTS AND RESULTS

  14. NATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL STRATEGY Environmental Strategies Environmental Strategies of the Economic Sectors of the Provinces

  15. LEGISLATION • Law of Mining. • Law of Foreign Investment. • D-L of Fisheries. • Law of Forestry. • Environmental Standards. • Law No. 81 of the Environment and implementation legislation: Biosafety, Coastal Zone Management, Protected Areas, among others..........

  16. Specific Strategies, Structures and Action Plans: • National Biodiversity Strategy • National Biosafety Strategy • National Strategy for Environmental • Education • National Program to Combat • Desertification and Drought • National Group for Climate Change • National System of Protected Areas

  17. Integrated management of the natural resources • Mountainous ecosystems: The main mountainous ecosystems are Special Regions of Sustainable Development. • Watersheds: Constituted the National Council for Watersheds, Provincial Council and the tendency exists of transforming to this unit into the base to evaluate the advances integrally in the sustainable development. • Bays: National and Provincial group of Bays, in function of the integral administration. • Coast: To consolidate the Coastal Integrated Management as administration tool and planning of the development. • Protected Areas: National System of Protected Areas.

  18. Specific Stategies, Structures and Action Plans (cont): • National Council for Watersheds • National Group for Bays • Bodies for the Development of Mountain • Regions • National Group for Coast • National Group for Biodiversity • National Group for Trade and Environment • “Ozone” Technical Office • National Center for Cleaner Productions • National Group for the Implementation of CDM

  19. Water resources and coverage 1959 2002 • No. Dams 3 224 • 796 microdams • Volume 48 millions m3 9670 millions m3 Sanitation coverageUrban: 97,1% 94,7 % Rural: 87,1% Coverage of drinking Urban: 97,8% water95,5 % Rural: 86,3%

  20. ATMOSPHERE Zones where air quality is affected • Moa – Mining • Mariel – Energy production • Nuevitas – Industries (Chemical), Energy • production • Nicaro – Mining • Santa Cruz del Norte – Energy Production and Food Industry • Ciudad de La Habana –High and diverse • concentration of industries

  21. REDUCTION INCREASES IN THE GP 1999 9,7% 1999 6,2% 2000 6,8% 2000 5,6% 2001 10,9% 2001 5% 2002 10,8% 2002 1,5% POLLUTION LOAD

  22. Distributed in 652 Hydrographic basins Forest patrimony: Potential forest area: 28% approximately

  23. Urban Environmental Management • Solid and liquid waste management • Safe water supply • Health services • Air quality • Green areas

  24. PROMOTION AND DEVELOPMENT OF CLEANER PRODUCTIONPRACTICES • Sugar • Fisheries • Pharmaceuticals • Food Prioritized Industries • Agreements with industries • Methodologies • Environmental diagnosis • Environmental Recognition • Measures of economic regulation

  25. MEASURES FOR ECONOMIC REGULATION • Environmental Investments in the Plan of the Economy. • Accelerated depreciation of friendly environmental investments. • Reduction of import fees to technology and proceses beneficial for the environment. • Import of machinery, equipment, spare parts and accessories from technologies for waste and emissions treatment in existing facilities. • Import of advanced technologies for new investments • Fund for the Environment To support environmental projects aimed to solve local problems, studies and services, as well as environmental education campaigns.

  26. Millions of pesos 10% 14,1% 8,5% 6,4% 7,9% PROPORTION OF THE PLAN OF INVESTMENTS FOR ENVIRONMENT

  27. SYSTEM OF NATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL RECOGNITION • Incentive to the continuous improvement of environmental performance • Contribute to the solution of the main environmental problems • Contribute to the achievement of competitive advantages for trade purposes. OBJECTIVES • Industry • Agriculture and Forestry • Tourism and Services • Scientific Sectors Involved

  28. SPECIFIC INSTITUTIONAL ASPECTS FOR THE SUSTAINABLE ENERGY DEVELOPMENT IN CUBA • Front of Renewable Energy. CITMA: A national group is believed with the objective of coordinating the efforts of the country for the development of the renewable energy. • Programs of Saving of Electricity in Cuba. Electric Union. MINBAS: Directed to the electricity saving in the domestic sector I tame by means of measures in the illumination and the refrigeration tames and in the handling of the electric demand as it is the price system. Promotion of education campaigns to the consumer. • Programs for the Saving of Fuel. Union of the Petroleum.MINBAS: Promotion of measures to increase the saving of fuel in the main consumers.

  29. PRINCIPAL LINES OF ACTION

  30. ENERGY: Emphasis in the application of new and advanced technologies for the use of fossil energies as well as promoting the increase of renewable energies. CHEMICAL PRODUCTS: Improve management during all the life cycle, implementing Stockholm and Rotterdam Conventions. WATER AND SANITATION :Kept as a priority, according to the National Environmental Strategy, with the watershed as the fundamental unit for protection. FISHERIES:Depletion of fisheries resources is a worldwide concern. National programs for aquaculture must be developed in an integrated manner in order to ensure the sustainable management of these resources. FORESTRY: Kept as a priority, according to the National Environmental Strategy, increasing forest coverage, based in the new approach of the work in the mountains and the changes in progress the sugar cane industry.

  31. TOURISM:Continuous work in the sector, promoting as well economic and environmental solutions authentically sustainable. SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE : Continuous growth, as a means to ensure food security, promoting scientific results and technological innovation as well as community participation. SOIL IMPROVEMENT AND CONSERVATION:High priority in the mitigation and solution of environmental problems. BIOLOGICAL DIVERSITY : Reduction of the loss of biological diversity as a key element. Particular priority to the issue of the access to genetic resources and the development of instruments in the context of the Convention on Biological Diversity.

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