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Naming Hydrocarbons

Naming Hydrocarbons. Carbon to hydrogen ratios. Vocabulary. Alkane - A hydrocarbon that is saturated. Saturated- when a hydrocarbon contains the maximum number of hydrogens. Pattern recognition (easy). Look at the numbers below. Find the pattern in your group. Predict the final number. 2

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Naming Hydrocarbons

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  1. Naming Hydrocarbons Carbon to hydrogen ratios

  2. Vocabulary • Alkane- A hydrocarbon that is saturated. • Saturated- when a hydrocarbon contains the maximum number of hydrogens.

  3. Pattern recognition (easy) • Look at the numbers below. Find the pattern in your group. Predict the final number. • 2 • 4 • 6 • 8 • ??

  4. Pattern recognition (medium) • Look at the numbers below. Find the pattern in your group. Predict the final number. • 1 • 4 • 9 • 16 • 25 • ??

  5. Pattern recognition (tricky) • Look at the numbers below. Find the pattern in your group. Predict the final number. • x+10y • 2x+8y • 3x+6y • 4x+4y • ??

  6. Do you notice a pattern? • CH • C2H4 • C3H9 • C4H16 • C5H25 • C6H36 • C7H49 • C8H64 • C10H? • Can you come up with a math mathematical equation that relates the number of carbons to the number of hydrogens? • CxH? • What is the relationship between carbon and hydrogen?

  7. Do you notice a pattern? • CH4 • C2H6 • C3H8 • C4H10 • C5H12 • C6H14 • C7H16 • C8H18 • C10H? • Can you come up with a mathematical relationship between the number of carbons and the number of hydrogens? • C20H? • C83H?

  8. Alkanes • In an alkane the number of hydrogens is twice that of the carbons plus two. • Recall • CH4 • C2H6 • C3H8 • C4H10 • Note: if you double the number of carbons and then add two you get the number of hydrogens.

  9. Naming alkanes • Since the number of hydrogens depends on the number of carbons, alkanes are named by the number of carbons present. See right. Just like with binary molecular, a prefix system is used.

  10. Naming alkanes • When ever you wish to name an alkane (or any hydrocarbon for that matter) you must first look at the number of carbons present. • The number of carbons present ALWAYS tells you what prefix to use • Examples • CH4 is METHane • C5H12is PENTane • C7H16 is HEPTane

  11. So which is which??? • For the rest of class today we will look at the three major classes of compounds that we have studied in this unit. • I will flash a compound on the screen and you will identify it • COPY DOWN THE INFORMATION BELOW • 1= Ionic 2= Binary 3= Hydrocarbon Compound Molecular

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