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Teleostei ‘perfect bone’ fishes

Teleostei ‘perfect bone’ fishes. (D) Teleostei. Speciose : ~ 24,000 spp. 38 Orders; 426 Families 4 major subdivisions (Chapter 14; Helfman et al. 1997; p.222 and 223; Course Pack pp.21 & 23) Osteoglossomorpha Elopomorpha Clupeomorpha Euteleostei. Taxonomy. Class Division Teleostei

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Teleostei ‘perfect bone’ fishes

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  1. Teleostei‘perfect bone’ fishes

  2. (D)Teleostei Speciose : ~ 24,000 spp. 38 Orders; 426 Families 4 major subdivisions (Chapter 14; Helfman et al. 1997; p.222 and 223; Course Pack pp.21 & 23) Osteoglossomorpha Elopomorpha Clupeomorpha Euteleostei

  3. Taxonomy • Class • Division Teleostei • Subdivision Euteleostei • Superorder Elopomorpha • Order Anguilliformes • Family Anguillidae • Genus • Species American eel

  4. Teleostei Speciose : ~ 24,000 spp. 38 Orders; 426 Families Success in part depends on 5 trends 1. Bone Reduction: - skull, tail, vertebrae, jaw, fin rays, scales 2. Changes in position and use of dorsal fin 3. Placement and function of paired fins

  5. Teleostei • 4. Modifications to caudal fin and gas bladder • Jaw Modifications • expansion, protrusion, suction • musculature and dentition of • pharyngeal jaws

  6. (SD)Osteoglossomorpha Osteoglossidae Bony tongues

  7. Osteoglossomorpha Pantodontidae Butterfly fish

  8. Osteoglossomorpha Notopteridae African knifefishes

  9. Osteoglossomorpha Mormyridae Elephantnose fishes

  10. (SD) Elopomorphaleptocephalus larvae

  11. Elopomorpha Anguilliformes: Anguillidae anguill = eel (L) freshwater eels Muraenidae muraen = eel (L) moray eels

  12. Elopomorpha Anguilliformes: Ophicthiidae ophi = snake (G) snake and worm eels Congridae cong/conger = eel (L) conger eels

  13. Elopomorpha Saccopharyngiformes: Eurypharyngidae Eury = wide (G); pharyng = throat (G) Gulpers Pelican Eels

  14. (SD)Elopomorpha Elopiformes: Elopidae Lady fishes; tenpounders Megalopidae mega = large (G); lopi = scale (G) Tarpon

  15. (SD)Clupeomorpha Otophysic connection Clupeiformes: Clupeidae herrings clupe = shield, a river fish (L) Engraulidae anchovies engraul = a small fish (G) Commercially important fisheries Otophysic connection

  16. (SD)Euteleostei the ‘true’ teleosts 92%of Families,95%of species ofTeleostei Many possess: adipose fin, breeding tubercles (SO)Ostariophysi • Weberian Ossicles: anterior vertebrae and ribs modified toconnect gas bladder to inner ear • Schreckstoff: • alarm substance and • reaction

  17. (SO)Ostariophysi Cypriniformes: Cyprinidae largest freshwater family; 2nd largest of any family minnows, carps

  18. Ostariophysi Cypriniformes: Catostomidae Cato = downward (G); stom = mouth (G) suckers Cobitidae loaches

  19. Ostariophysi Characiformes: Characidae Gasteropelecidae gastero = stomach (G); pelec = hatchet (G) Characins Piranhas and Tetras Africa and S. America freshwater hatchetfishes

  20. Ostariophysi Siluriformes: Ariidae Ari = very much, warlike (G) Aspredinidae Aspred = roughness, a rough plate (L) banjo catfishes; tubercles Clariidae Clari = clear (G) airbreathing catfishes sea catfishes

  21. Ostariophysi Siluriformes: Ictaluridae Loricariidae clothed in metal, armor (L) North American catfishes armored catfishes

  22. Ostariophysi Siluriformes: Mochokidae upside-down catfishes Pimelodidae long-whiskered catfishes Trichomycteridae tricho = hair (G); mycter = nose (G) parasitic catfishes

  23. Ostariophysi Gymnotiformes: Gymnotidae gymno = naked (G) knifefishes production and reception of weak electrical impulses

  24. (SO)Protacanthopterygii (prot= first, acanth = spine, pter = fin) Esociformes Esocidae Pikes and pickerels

  25. Protacanthopterygii Salmoniformes Salmonidae

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