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Chapter 8. Hip and Pelvis. Proximal Femur. __________ – Round process _________ – Depression in the center of the head ________ – Area between shaft and head ____________ Cavity for head of femur. Proximal Femur. _______________ – Superiolateral prominence ______________
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Chapter 8 Hip and Pelvis
Proximal Femur • __________ – Round process • _________ – Depression in the center of the head • ________ – Area between shaft and head • ____________ • Cavity for head of femur
Proximal Femur • _______________ – Superiolateral prominence • ______________ – Medioposterior prominence inferior to greater trochanter. • ________________ – Depression between trochanters
Femur Angle • Not _________ • Angle of positioning importance • Head and neck = _______________. • Rotate legs ________________to get neck in true AP
Hip Imaging Routine • AP Pelvis • Lateral • Frog Leg • X-table lateral • AP Unilateral Hip • 40” SID • 75 kVp
AP Pelvis • Pt Supine • _____________________(Pigeon Toe) • Center Midline between ______and _______________ • Top of Cassette ____________Crest • Collimate to skin • If Trauma __________________*****
Frog leg Lateral • Pt Supine • Flex knee and ________________ • A sponge may help • Center to Femoral Neck • Draw imaginary line between ______ and __________and go inferior _______perpendicular to line
X-table Hip • Pt Supine • Do not move affected Hip • Unaffected Leg _____________. Can put leg on collimator • Use X-table grid parallel to __________ • Adjust collimator to be perpendicular to cassette.
AP Hip • Patient Supine • Rotate Leg ______________ • CR directed ___________to femoral neck • __________and _________to ASIS
Pelvis • Connects _________________to the axial skeleton • Consists of • ___________ • 1 sacrum • ______________. • Pelvic girdle – ______________only
Hip Bones • _________ • Ischium • ___________ • Acetabulum – The area of fusion for the 3 bones.
Ilium • _________ • Large winged area • ____________ • Inferior to the Ala. Includes superior acetabulum • _____________ • ASIS, AIIS, PSIS, PIIS.
Ischium • Inferioposterior to acetabulum. • ___________ – Posterior acetabulum to ischial tuberosity • ____________ – Anterior portion off of ischial tuberosity
Ischium • ________________ • Rounded, rough area at the border of lower body and Ramus • _______________ – Posterior bony protrusion off acetabulum • ______________ sciatic notch – Depression superior and inferior to ischial spine
Pubis • Anterioinferior to acetabulum. • ___________ • Anteriorinferior acetabululum to superior ramus • ______________ – Anterior medial extensions meeting to form symphysis pubis. • _____________ – Inferioposterior extension off symphysis pubis to Ischial Ramus • _______________ – Hole formed by ischium and pubis
True (Lesser) Area surrounded _________ _______ to pelvic brim _______ Inlet and Outlet False (Greater) Area formed by ________ __________ to pelvic brim True and False Pelvis
Male ________ Deeper ______ Lesser pubic arch Narrow inlet Oval ________Foramen Female _______ More Flared Greater ________ Larger inlet Narrow Obturator Foramen Male vs. Female Pelvis
Joints of the Pelvis • ______________ – Amphiarthrodial Synovial, Sacrum to pelvis • _______________ – Amphiarthrodial cartilaginous. Rt and Lt pubic bones • Union of Acetabulum – Synarthrodial cartilaginous. 3 fused hip bones • Hip Joint – Diarthrodial Synovial Spheroid.
Imaging the Pelvis Routine • AP • 14 x 17 XW • 40” SID • 75 kVp
AP Pelvis • Pt Supine • ___________legs 15° (Pigeon Toe) • Center Midline between ______ and _______________ • Top of Cassette 1 to 2” above Crest • Collimate to skin • If Trauma do not rotate legs *****
Sacroiliac Joint Imaging • Place patient into ________________ • The joint of interest is elevated • _____________SI joint • Direct CR ___________to upside ASIS