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The New Deal

I. The First New Deal: March 1933 -34 . First priority: Establish a crude safety netMarch 1933: 14 million people out of workHired the ?BRAIN TRUST": Professors, lawyers, and politicians who developed New Deal policies; worked as reformers during the Progressive Era.. FDR's ?First Hundred Days

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The New Deal

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    1. The New Deal

    2. I. The First New Deal: March 1933 -34 First priority: Establish a crude safety net March 1933: 14 million people out of work Hired the “BRAIN TRUST”: Professors, lawyers, and politicians who developed New Deal policies; worked as reformers during the Progressive Era.

    3. FDR’s “First Hundred Days”: March –June 1933 First Area Addressed: BANK CRISIS March 5, 1933: National Banking Holiday, banks close for 4 days Emergency Banking Act: Only healthy banks could re-open (FDIC) Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation created

    4. (CCC) Civilian Conservation Corps Employed jobless YOUTH in reforestation & environmental programs Paid $35 per month 1933: 500,000 workers 1942: 3 million workers

    5. (AAA) Agricultural Adjustment Act Paid farmers to stop producing wheat, corn, cotton, pigs, and dairy Wanted to raise the price of goods by reducing the supply in the market Problem: AAA did not help farm workers or migrant workers AAA only helped large land holders

    6. (PWA) Public Works Association Large scale public works projects: building libraries, bridges, dams, public libraries Built 500 airports and 250,000 bathrooms along Highway 1 in CA, OR, and WA Helped redefine the meaning of public assistance

    7. (TVA) Tennessee Valley Authority Advanced the economic development of the entire Tennessee River Valley Created jobs for architects, engineers, construction workers, scientists, and clerks Brought electricity and running water to one of the poorest areas in the nation

    9. Results of the First New Deal FDR began to strengthen the role and authority of the federal government Federal government programs changed the older idea of “charity aid” Did not end the Great Depression

    10. II. Challenges from the Left and Right: 1934-1935 Father Coughlin: Detroit Catholic priest with an audience of millions Fan-base primarily of the lower middle class

    11. Dr. Francis Townsend Elderly CA physician Proposed the government pay $200 per month to retired people over 60 years old Retirees would have had to spend the money in 30 days

    12. Huey Long’s “Share the Wealth” Plan 5,000 dollars to every American family Limit personal fortunes to 1 million dollars Old age pensions of 30 a month to persons over sixty.

    13. III. The 2nd New Deal: 1934-1936 The Works Progress Association 8 million construction workers, writers, artists, photographers, and musicians employed between 1935 – 1942 Employed 10,000 jobless writers Oral Histories of immigrants and former slaves written

    14. Who did the 2nd New Deal Target? Directly addressed the needs of workers and the poor Key moment in the creation of the U.S. Welfare State: the federal government because the source of stability and security for all Americans Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938 sets minimum wage of 40 cents per hour Brain Trust placed higher taxes on corporations and the wealthy out of the fear of the influence of Coughlin, Long, and Townsend

    15. Social Security Act of 1935 The major accomplishment of the New Deal Founded worker’s pensions, unemployment insurance, survivors benefits for industrial accidents, aid for the disabled, aid for single mothers Ignored farmers, domestic workers, and self-employed Embraced by people during the 1930s

    16. What did the New Deal Accomplish? Greatly expanded the power of the federal government Created more legislation in a short period of time than ever before It did not nationalize any industry It did not get the U.S. out of the Great Depression It did not challenge capitalism It created the mechanisms for stability and security for people living within capitalism

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