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1990s hypothesis

1990s hypothesis. Computer networks can improve the quality of life in developing nations at a relatively low cost Marginal impact increased by a lack of alternative ICT and transportation Raising the quality of rural life will reduce pressure for urban migration. We have done. Training

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1990s hypothesis

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  1. 1990s hypothesis • Computer networks can improve the quality of life in developing nations at a relatively low cost • Marginal impact increased by a lack of alternative ICT and transportation • Raising the quality of rural life will reduce pressure for urban migration

  2. We have done • Training • ICT readiness assessments • Pilot projects • Conferences and workshops

  3. Training • Internet Society/World Bank Developing Nations Workshops • trained over 2,500 networking pioneers from every developing nation but North Korea. • Cisco Networking Academy: over 10,000 academies in 155 countries

  4. E-readiness assessments • 10 statistical/questionnaire methodologies • 8 case study methodologies • 137 nations have been assessed at least once • 55 nations have been assessed at least 5 times • 10 nations have been assessed at least 10 times

  5. Mosaic dimensions

  6. Successful Applications • Education • Health care • E-commerce • Democracy and human rights • E-government • News and entertainment

  7. Many successful pilots

  8. E-government

  9. Entertainment and connection to the outside world

  10. N-Logue rural Kiosk • Remote medicine • Remote veterinary • Remote agricultural advice • E-government • E-mail • digital photography • desktop publishing • Telephony • Break even at $75/mo.

  11. E-choupal home page

  12. E-choupal services • Login • Weather • Crop best practices • Market related information • Agricultural queries • Suggestion box • Farmer profile • Government schemes • News

  13. Cuban Youth Computer Clubs • 350 YCCs • Geographically dispersed • Education • Games • Email • News

  14. YCC mobile unit

  15. YCC mobile unit

  16. Where are we? • Many applications have been demonstrated. • The Internet is on the “radar screen” • But the digital divide persists • Capital is not available

  17. The “digital divide” persists

  18. Internet subscribers, 2005

  19. Cannot attract private capital • Cost of 20 hours access as percent of average monthly GNI per capita (2003)

  20. VSAT– the only way to connect most rural areas

  21. A grand challenge Connecting the approximately three billion people residing in three million rural villages of the developing nations within ten years.

  22. Grand challenges • I believe that this nation should commit itself to achieving the goal, before this decade is out, of landing a man on the moon and returning him safely to Earth. John F. Kennedy, 1961 • That's one small step for a man, one giant leap for mankind. Neil Armstrong, 1969

  23. An unconnected nation • No national backbone network • No residential connectivity • No commercial application • Character-oriented email and news primary applications • Connectivity only in a few universities • The US in 1989

  24. Fiber Backbone, Mesh, POPs

  25. FiberAfrica • 70,000 Km fiber core • 30,000 Km fiber spurs • Wireless to fiber • Reach 400 million • Walking/bicycling distance • 1 billion dollars Daunting, but with precedents

  26. Cost context, $billion • Manhattan project: 1.889 • US Interstate Highway system: 128.9 • Apollo program: 25.4 • GPS: 8.3 through 1995, 21.8 to complete • Baseball stadium: .581 • B2 bomber: 2.2 • US pet food: 10 per year • G8 African pledge: 25 per year (new)

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