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Rockets vs. The Campanile

Rockets vs. The Campanile. Rocket Science and Physics. Background and Hypothesis. Functions of rocketry were developed through many years of trial and error Hypothesis:

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Rockets vs. The Campanile

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  1. Rockets vs. The Campanile Rocket Science and Physics

  2. Background and Hypothesis Functions of rocketry were developed through many years of trial and error Hypothesis: If we make a rocket that will fly higher than the Campanile, then the rocket’s center of mass will have to be located higher than the center of pressure.

  3. What makes rockets fly? Thrust: Solid or liquid combustion must travel straight down for rocket to fly straight up. This applies Newton’s Third Law of Motion Newton’s Third Law of Motion: For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction

  4. What makes rockets fly? Newton’s Second Law of Motion also applies to rocketry Newton’s Second Law of Motion: F=ma (Force=mass*acceleration) In rockets, propellants make up to 90% of a rocket. In flight propellant is lost (m), so that acceleration increases(a)

  5. What makes rockets fly? Flight Control: Fins help stabilize rockets during flight, giving them direction. 3s and 4s (symmetrically separated) are most effective. 5 is too much drag. Rocket Launcher: Gives rocket initial direction and thrust

  6. Method The rocket launcher was built using following materials: • Wood • Corner Brace • Mending Plate with screws • Galv FLR Flange  • Rubber stopper • MIP Hex Nipple (brass • High pressure air hose • Dowel • Cast Female Pipe Tee (brass) • Hook and Loop Cable Tie • Barb Splicer  • Rubber Bands • Pan head metal screws • Drill • Bicycle pump • Launch string

  7. Steps for Launcher • Screw flange into wooden base • Attach each brass nipple to each end of the tee • Insert pressure air hose so that it goes through each end of the tee  • Insert barb splicer into hole • Drill and stand wood block to base (use braces to sustain) • Drill wooden block on opposite end • Insert rod in wooden block • Attach clamps (should tighten bottleneck) • Wrap rubber bands on back end of the clamps • Wrap hook and cable tie to other end of clamps (after bottle is inserted) • Tie launch string to cable  • Connect hose to a pump 

  8. Materials for Rockets • 2-Liter empty plastic bottle • Cardboard • Hot Glue Gun • Tape • Scissors  • Clay  • Water

  9. Steps for Rocket • Cut out and tape cone to bottom end of bottle • Cut out and attach (use hot glue gun) fins into upper end of the bottle • (Ran “string test” to test stability and direction of rocket)

  10. Running the Experiment These were the steps taken in running our experiment: • Place rocket launcher right in front of Berkeley Campanile • Fill up rocket with different amounts of water • Insert Rocket into rocket launcher • Insert different quantities of pressure • Detach string from hook and cable tie • Record (very roughly) how high each rocket went (based purely on eyesight)

  11. Results Rocket Launch#1: Volume: 70% total mass of bottle Pressure: 50 psi Height: 4th Window of the Campanile

  12. Results Rocket Launch #2: Volume: 75% total mass of bottle Pressure: 80 psi Height: Clock

  13. Results Rocket Launch #3: Volume: 75% total mass of bottle Pressure: 90 Height: TOP OF THE TOWER!!!!!!

  14. Results Rocket Launch #4: Volume: 65% total mass of bottle  Pressure: 90 Height: HIGHER THAN THE TOWER!!!!!!

  15. Analysis Because our (Juan and Luis’) rocket had its center of mass more obviously located above the center of pressure than the other rocket, our experiment supports the notion that this rocket setup is best.

  16. Conclusion A rocket whose center of mass is higher than the center of pressure is more likely  to fly higher than one that is very roughly positioned equally or in which the center of pressure is located higher than the center of mass.

  17. And the winner is…

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