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Topic: Properties of Waves

Topic: Properties of Waves. Essential Question: What vocabulary do we use to accurately describe the properties of waves and how they interact with other waves or objects?. What is a wave?. Waves Medium Resonance Interference Constructive interference Destructive Interference

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Topic: Properties of Waves

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  1. Topic: Properties of Waves • Essential Question: What vocabulary do we use to accurately describe the properties of waves and how they interact with other waves or objects?

  2. What is a wave? • Waves • Medium • Resonance • Interference • Constructive interference • Destructive Interference • Transverse Wave • Longitudinal Wave • Amplitude • Frequency • Period • Wavelength • Reflection • Refraction • Diffraction • Polarization • Phase • Doppler Effect • Node • Antinode

  3. What is a wave? • Wave: • A rhythmic disturbance that carries energy through matter or space • Wave Pulse: • A single bump or disturbance that travels through a medium

  4. What is a wave? • Waves • Medium • Resonance • Interference • Constructive interference • Destructive Interference • Transverse Wave • Longitudinal Wave • Amplitude • Frequency • Period • Wavelength • Reflection • Refraction • Diffraction • Polarization • Phase • Doppler Effect • Node • Antinode

  5. What is a medium? • Medium: • Something that the wave travels through. • Examples: • The medium of the waves in yesterday’s lab was the beads. • The medium of an ocean wave is water. • What medium do sound waves travel through?

  6. IMPORTANT! • THE MEDIUM DOESN’T GO ANYWHERE! • The medium only moves back and forth or up and down, but on average, it stays in the same place! • Don’t believe me? Watch the green beads in te simulation from the lab:

  7. Describing Waves: • Waves • Medium • Resonance • Interference • Constructive interference • Destructive Interference • Transverse Wave • Longitudinal Wave • Amplitude • Frequency • Period • Wavelength • Reflection • Refraction • Diffraction • Polarization • Phase • Doppler Effect • Node • Antinode

  8. Parts of a Wave

  9. Describing Waves: • Amplitude: • The height of the wave • Measured from the MIDDLE – where the medium would be if there was no wave passing through it. • Wavelength: • Measured in meters. Represented by λ

  10. Describing Waves: • Waves • Medium • Resonance • Interference • Constructive interference • Destructive Interference • Transverse Wave • Longitudinal Wave • Amplitude • Frequency • Period • Wavelength • Reflection • Refraction • Diffraction • Polarization • Phase • Doppler Effect • Node • Antinode

  11. Frequency: • The number of complete oscillations/cycles it makes each second • f = 1/T f = frequency (units of Hz or 1/s) T = period (units of s) – the time for one complete cycle

  12. Speed of a wave So frequency is not the speed of the wave. Formula: v = λf λ = wavelength (meters) f = frequency (1/s or Hz) units = m/s

  13. Types of Waves: • Waves • Medium • Resonance • Interference • Constructive interference • Destructive Interference • Transverse Wave • Longitudinal Wave • Amplitude • Frequency • Period • Wavelength • Reflection • Refraction • Diffraction • Polarization • Phase • Doppler Effect • Node • Antinode

  14. Types of Waves • Transverse wave – a wave that vibrates perpendicular to the direction of wave motion • Longitudinal wave – a wave that moves parallel to the disturbance. • Example: Sound wave

  15. What kind of wave is this?

  16. What kind of wave is this?

  17. More Terminology • Antinode – Where the largest displacement is located in a wave (largest amplitude) • Node – Where the smallest displacement is located in a wave (smallest amplitude) • Standing wave: • When a wave appears to be standing still www.physicsclassroom.com

  18. Wave Interference • Destructive interference: • When two waves collide and result in a smaller wave • Constructive interference: • When two waves collide and result in a larger wave • Principle of superposition: • The algebraic sum of the heights two waves that collide is equal to the height of the resulting wave

  19. Principle of superposition • When two waves collide, or interfere, they add together. • The blue wave and the green wave add together to make the black wave

  20. Wave Interaction Terminology • Incident wave – A wave that strikes a boundary • Reflected wave – A wave that returns after striking a boundary

  21. Other Wave Interactions • Reflection: • When a wave bounces off an object • Law of Reflection – The angle of incidence is equal to the angle of reflection.

  22. Refraction: • The change in direction of a wave at the boundary between two different media

  23. Diffraction • The spreading of waves around the edge of a barrier or through a hole. • Often results in a planar wave changing into a circular wave

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