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Household over-indebtedness in the EU in the context of the crisis - the state of play - debt advisory services. Seminar on “ Household over-indebtedness in the EU in the context of the crisis, the way forward” 6 December 2011, Brussels European Parliament Hans Dubois Eurofound
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Household over-indebtedness in the EU in the context of the crisis- the state of play -debt advisory services Seminar on “Household over-indebtedness in the EU in the context of the crisis, the way forward” 6 December 2011, Brussels European Parliament Hans Dubois Eurofound Living Conditions & Quality of Life Unit
Feeling in control → well-being Source: Eurobarometer 74.1
Arrears in the EU (%) Source: Eurostat website, SILC data
Causes, consequences & solutions • Groups at risk & causes, see Eurofound (2010)*, but large groups: • Unexpected unemployed in combination with long-term financial commitments (e.g. high mortgage); • poor & excluded: expensive loans (& informal loans ). • Social and economic cost beyond the individual • Health, unemployment, social housing, lower tax revenue (Hollerweger and Leuthner 2006; van Geuns et al. 2011). • Solution: holistic approach • Ideal to prevent (school curriculum, consumer credit directive), but unrealistic to rely fully on preventive measures; • rehabilitation important, but often does not solve the cause; • an immediate, integrated alleviative response: debt advice * Working paper (2010) can be downloaded on: http://www.eurofound.europa.eu/areas/socialprotection/householdebts.htm
1) Provide timely access Quality debt advice • Stimulate timely signaling • Early-warning systems, e.g. referral by other social service providers (e.g. “VroegEropaf” [Approaching Early], Amsterdam) • Social partners • Also: outreach posts, multiple language & media channels, anonymous first-contact options • Translate into actual access. Problem: waiting lists, exclusion criteria & non-existence of services. • Understandable: limited funds & help those most in need with highest chance of success • Effective referral systems, ‘minimum service systems’, inter-municipal cooperation Research report (2011/2) can be downloaded by early 2011 from: http://www.eurofound.europa.eu/ If before: ask for an advance draft copy, Hans.Dubois@eurofound.europa.eu
A customised, consistent process, relying on trust between the advisor & client... • Necessary to understand the full context • Credible and well-communicated confidentiality assurance • ... and cooperation between the advisor & other stakeholders (creditors, welfare offices, health services) • Long-term: mutual benefit • Provide support while leaving the household in control and having it actively contribute to the solution • Key tool: building a reliable payment record, also to guarantee access to cheaper future credit & as early-warning system • Sometimes minimal control necessary: e.g. anonymous food vouchers, utility payments directly to provider
4) Sound institutions • Quality assurance: providing organisations & advisors • Increase integration legal, health, welfare and financial help • Housing policies • react swiftly and consistently to emergency situations, for example smoothening the transfer of households to smaller dwelling • Some service provision overlap is not always bad • e.g. state-backed organisations have more legal discretion, and non-state providers can appeal to excluded groups • Consumer bankruptcy and legal debt settlement • not be too short (inviting for abuse), not too long and inaccessible incentives to maximise earnings
Thank you! Hans.Dubois@eurofound.europa.eu Dublin