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动态 IGRP 路由

动态 IGRP 路由. IGRP 协议. IGRP 由于突破了 15 跳的限制，成为了当时大型 CISCO 网络的首选协议。（ 100-> 大型网络） RIP 与 IGRP 的工作机制，均是从所有配置接口上定期发出路由更新。 但是， RIP 是以跳数为度量单位； IGRP 以多种因素来建立路由最佳路径；带宽，延迟，可靠性，最大传输单元， LOAD 等因素。. 什么是区域 ？. Area #1. Area #2. Area #3. Backbone Area #0. 区域拓朴从区域外是看不见的 结果是路由业务的大量减少. IGRP 的配置：.

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动态 IGRP 路由

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  1. 动态IGRP路由

  2. IGRP协议 • IGRP由于突破了15跳的限制，成为了当时大型CISCO网络的首选协议。（100->大型网络） • RIP与IGRP的工作机制，均是从所有配置接口上定期发出路由更新。 • 但是，RIP是以跳数为度量单位；IGRP以多种因素来建立路由最佳路径；带宽，延迟，可靠性，最大传输单元，LOAD等因素。

  3. 什么是区域？ Area #1 Area #2 Area #3 Backbone Area #0 • 区域拓朴从区域外是看不见的 • 结果是路由业务的大量减少

  4. IGRP的配置： • 2501(config)#router igrp 100 • 2501(config-router)#network 192.168.2.0 • 2501(config-router)#exit • 注意： • 1）编号的有效范围为1－65535，编号用确定一组区域编号相同的路由器和接口 • 2）不同的编号的路由器不参与路由更新

  5. IGRP的验证： • 2501#show run（查看配置文件） • 2501#show ip protocols（IP路由协议） • 2501#show ip route(IP路由表) • 2501#show ip route • C - connected, 直接相连的网络； • S - static, 静态路由 • I - IGRP, • R - RIP, • B - BGP ， • D - EIGRP, • O - OSPF,

  6. 路由配置修改： • 1，路由删除： • 2501(config)#no router igrp 100 • 2501(config)# • 2，IP地址的删除 • 2501(config)#int s0 • 2501(config-if)#no ip add • 2501(config-if)#no ip address • 2501(config-if)#

  7. IGRP Configuration Example Autonomous System = 100 E0 S2 S2 S3 S3 E0 192.168.1.0 172.16.1.0 A B C 10.1.1.1 172.16.1.1 10.1.1.2 10.2.2.2 192.168.1.1 10.2.2.3 router igrp 100 network 172.16.0.0 network 10.0.0.0 router igrp 100 network 192.168.1.0 network 10.0.0.0 router igrp 100 network 10.0.0.0

  8. Verifying the Routing Protocol—IGRP E0 S2 S2 S3 S3 E0 192.168.1.0 172.16.1.0 A B C 10.1.1.1 172.16.1.1 10.1.1.2 10.2.2.2 192.168.1.1 10.2.2.3 RouterA#sh ip protocols Routing Protocol is "igrp 100" Sending updates every 90 seconds, next due in 21 seconds Invalid after 270 seconds, hold down 280, flushed after 630 Outgoing update filter list for all interfaces is Incoming update filter list for all interfaces is Default networks flagged in outgoing updates Default networks accepted from incoming updates IGRP metric weight K1=1, K2=0, K3=1, K4=0, K5=0 IGRP maximum hopcount 100 IGRP maximum metric variance 1 Redistributing: igrp 100 Routing for Networks: 10.0.0.0 172.16.0.0 Routing Information Sources: Gateway Distance Last Update 10.1.1.2 100 00:01:01 Distance: (default is 100)

  9. Displaying the IP Routing Table E0 S2 S2 S3 S3 E0 192.168.1.0 172.16.1.0 A B C 10.1.1.1 172.16.1.1 10.1.1.2 10.2.2.2 192.168.1.1 10.2.2.3 RouterA#sh ip route Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2 E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, * - candidate default U - per-user static route, o - ODR T - traffic engineered route Gateway of last resort is not set 172.16.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets C 172.16.1.0 is directly connected, Ethernet0 10.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 2 subnets I 10.2.2.0 [100/90956] via 10.1.1.2, 00:00:23, Serial2 C 10.1.1.0 is directly connected, Serial2 I 192.168.1.0/24 [100/91056] via 10.1.1.2, 00:00:23, Serial2

  10. SHOW IP ROUTE I 192.168.1.0/24 [100/91056] via 10.1.1.2, 00:00:23, Serial2 • I:表示由IGRP所引入的路由， • 100：表示IGRP的管理距离； • 91056:表示组合度量值；组合度量值越低，说明路由越好；组合度量是通过带宽和线路延迟计算出来的。

  11. Updating Routing Information Example (cont.) E0 X S2 S2 S3 S3 E0 192.168.1.0 172.16.1.0 A B C 10.1.1.1 172.16.1.1 10.1.1.2 10.2.2.2 192.168.1.1 10.2.2.3 RouterB#sh ip route Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2 E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, * - candidate default U - per-user static route, o - ODR T - traffic engineered route Gateway of last resort is not set I 172.16.0.0/16 is possibly down, routing via 10.1.1.1, Serial2 10.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 2 subnets C 10.1.1.0 is directly connected, Serial2 C 10.2.2.0 is directly connected, Serial3 I 192.168.1.0/24 [100/89056] via 10.2.2.3, 00:00:14, Serial3 RouterB#ping 172.16.1.1 Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 172.16.1.1, timeout is 2 seconds: ..... Success rate is 0 percent (0/5) RouterB#

  12. 是否支持IPROUTE • 4000a(config)#no ip routing • 4000a(config)#router rip • IP routing not enabled • 4000a(config)#router igrp 100 • IP routing not enabled • 4000a(config)#ip routing • 4000a(config)#router igrp 100 • 4000a(config-router)#

  13. 思考： • 什么情况下，用动态IP？ • 什么情况下，用动态路由？

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