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FROM WILLY BRANDT TO HELMUT KOHL

FROM WILLY BRANDT TO HELMUT KOHL. 1969-74: Willy Brandt pursues “ Ostpolitik ” as the first Social Democratic chancellor since 1930 but is toppled by the “Guillaume Affair” 1974-82: The technocrat Helmut Schmidt takes over as Social Democratic chancellor and combats “stagflation”

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FROM WILLY BRANDT TO HELMUT KOHL

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  1. FROM WILLY BRANDT TOHELMUT KOHL 1969-74: Willy Brandt pursues “Ostpolitik” as the first Social Democratic chancellor since 1930 but is toppled by the “Guillaume Affair” 1974-82: The technocrat Helmut Schmidt takes over as Social Democratic chancellor and combats “stagflation” 1982-98: A dramatic change in course by the FDP brings the CDU back to power under Helmut Kohl ; Kohl becomes the longest-lived chancellor since Bismarck

  2. “The Better Man Must Remain Chancellor:Helmut Schmidt.Therefore SPD.”(1976)

  3. “Helmut Kohl: Chancellor for Germany”(CDU, 1976)

  4. “Give the Left the Red Card”(the CDU appeals to the “New Woman” of 1976/

  5. “From Love of Germany:Freedom Instead of Socialism.CDU:Safe, social, and free”(1976)

  6. The Kohl-Genscher Cabinet, 1983

  7. “With us, for Europe” (CDU, 1984)

  8. WEST GERMAN EXPORTS (millions of marks)

  9. President Francois Mitterand and Helmut Kohl jointly honor the dead of Verdun, September 22, 1984

  10. Kohl continued with Ostpolitik (here greeting Erich Honecker in Bonn, 1987): The problem of German reunification could only be solved by “future historical epochs.”

  11. Many diverse local groups coalesced into a national environmentalist party in 1980 and cleared the 5% hurdle in the Bundestag election of 1983:“The Greens:Ecological, socially progressive, democratic, nonviolent”(1983)

  12. INDUSTRIAL WASTE IN THE NIERS RIVER, NORTH RHINE-WESTPHALIA, 1958

  13. Two young mothers make their way through the smog of Duisburg (Ruhr Valley, late 1960s)

  14. Police prepare to defend a nuclear power plant construction site against demonstrators (Emmerthal, Lower Saxony, 1977)

  15. Dying forests in East Germany (Erzgebirge, Saxony, 1982)

  16. A “Citizens’ Initiative” in Munich, 1980:“There’s enough concrete already!”

  17. Birds drop from the sky near a chemical factory in Schleswig-Holstein (1985)

  18. Trees die near a coal-powered electrical plant in the Ruhr Valley that lacked desulfurization equipment (1985)

  19. Police clash with demonstrators who seek to prevent the expansion of the Frankfurt Airport, 1981

  20. Squatters occupy an apartment house in Berlin-Kreuzberg, 1980:“The police and state are a gangster syndicate.”

  21. Mural painted in the first headquarters of the Berlin Greens (damaged by arson in 1982)

  22. “The Greens into the Bundestag!”(campaign poster, 1983)

  23. The “Official Bicycle” for Green Bundestag delegates(1983)

  24. “Fundis” vs. “Realos” in the Green Bundestag delegation of 1983: Petra Kelly vs. Joschka Fischer & Otto Schily

  25. Joschka Fischer became State Environmental Minister of Hesse in 1985

  26. Fischer eventually served as foreign minister under Gerhard Schroeder’s red-green cabinet; Schily returned to the SPD and served under Schroeder as interior minister

  27. FAR RIGHTISTS IN WEST GERMANY • The National Democratic Party (NPD): founded by 4 ex-Nazis in 1964 to demand the borders of 1937, a ban on immigration, and removal of all far leftists from influential posts. It urged a Volksdemokratie resembling the Weimar Republic. It won representation in 7 state legislatures in 1966-68, peaking at 9.7% of the vote in Baden-Wuerttemberg, and it won 4.3% of the national vote in 1969. • The Republikaner, founded by Franz Schönhuber in 1983. It won 7-11% of the vote in 1989/90 in state elections in Bavaria, Baden-Wuerttemberg, Hesse, and West Berlin, and it gained representation in the European parliament. • Neo-Nazi youth groups, with an average membership of about 1,400 in the 1980s. They beat up thousands of people with dark skin and committed at least 25 murders.

  28. “Security through Law and Order”(September 1969):10% of this party’s 30,000 members and 15% of its staff had formerly belonged to the NSDAP.

  29. “The Boat is Full!End the Asylum Swindle!”REPUBLIKANERplacard, 1991

  30. “EUROPEwithoutTURKEY”(Hessian REP, 2003)

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