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Kevin Jennings Assistant Deputy Secretary Office of Safe and Drug Free Schools Department of Education

U.S. Department of Education Understanding Bullying. Cyberbullying March 30, 2011. Kevin Jennings Assistant Deputy Secretary Office of Safe and Drug Free Schools Department of Education.

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Kevin Jennings Assistant Deputy Secretary Office of Safe and Drug Free Schools Department of Education

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  1. U.S. Department of EducationUnderstanding Bullying Cyberbullying March 30, 2011 Kevin JenningsAssistant Deputy Secretary Office of Safe and Drug Free Schools Department of Education

  2. Many Students Experience BullyingPercentage of students ages 12-18 who reported being bullied at school and being cyber-bullied anywhere during the school year: 2007 Source: Indicators of Crime and School Safety, 2008

  3. Rivers, I., Poteat, V.P., Noret, N., Ashurt, N. (2009). Observing Bullying at School: The Mental Health Implication of Witness Status. School Psychology Quarterly. 24:4, 211-223.

  4. Rivers, I., Poteat, V.P., Noret, N., Ashurt, N. (2009). Observing Bullying at School: The Mental Health Implication of Witness Status. School Psychology Quarterly. 24:4, 211-223.

  5. What Characterizes a Bully? • High rates of “externalizing behavior” • Having behaviors consistent with ADD, ADHD, Oppositional/Defiant Disorder, or Conduct Disorder • Being Highly Aggressive • Having negative perceptions of “others”: people unlike themselves Cook, C. R., Williams, K.R., Guerra, N.G., Kim, T.E.m & Sadek, S. (2010). Predictors of bullying and victimization in childhood and adolescence: A meta-analytic investigation. School Psychology Quarterly, 25(2), 65-83.

  6. What Characterizes a Victim? • Low Social Competence • Lack basic social skills • - Unable to easily make friends • Peer Rejection Cook, C. R., Williams, K.R., Guerra, N.G., Kim, T.E.m & Sadek, S. (2010). Predictors of bullying and victimization in childhood and adolescence: A meta-analytic investigation. School Psychology Quarterly, 25(2), 65-83.

  7. What Characterizes a Bully-Victim? • A bully-victim is someone who is both the perpetrator and the target of bullying behavior • Bully-victims show similarly low-levels of social competency as only-victims. • Bully-victims are more easily influenced by their peers than only-victims. Cook, C. R., Williams, K.R., Guerra, N.G., Kim, T.E.m & Sadek, S. (2010). Predictors of bullying and victimization in childhood and adolescence: A meta-analytic investigation. School Psychology Quarterly, 25(2), 65-83.

  8. Role of Bystanders in Instances of Bullying Witnesses Assistants Reinforcers Outsiders Defenders Rivers, I., Poteat, V.P., Noret, N., Ashurt, N. (2009). Observing Bullying at School: The Mental Health Implication of Witness Status. School Psychology Quarterly. 24:4, 211-223.

  9. Middle School is the Worst Period 42.9 Source: Indicators of School Crime and Safety, 2008

  10. Prevalence of Bullying Behaviors and the Roles of Gender Source: Wang, 2009

  11. Some Groups are Singled Out for HarassmentQuestion: “At your school, how often are students bullied, called names or harassed for the following reasons?” Source: From Teasing to Torment: School Climate in America 2005

  12. Peer Intervention Works, but Isn’t Common • Of bullying episodes in which peers intervened, 57% of the interventions were effective (i.e., the bullying stopped within 10 seconds). • Peers intervene in only 11-19% of all bullying incidents. Source: Hawkins, Pepler and Craig 2001

  13. Petrosino, A., Guckenburg, S., DeVoe, J. and Hanson, T. (2010). What characteristics of bullying, bullying victims, and schools are associated with increased reporting of bullying to school officials? (Issues & Answers Report, REL 2010- No.092). Washington, DC: US Department of Education, Institute of Education Sciences, National Center for Education Evaluation and Regional Assistance, Regional Education Laboratory Northeast and Islands. Retrieved from http://ies.ed.gov/ncee/edlabs.

  14. Petrosino, A., Guckenburg, S., DeVoe, J. and Hanson, T. (2010). What characteristics of bullying, bullying victims, and schools are associated with increased reporting of bullying to school officials? (Issues & Answers Report, REL 2010- No.092). Washington, DC: US Department of Education, Institute of Education Sciences, National Center for Education Evaluation and Regional Assistance, Regional Education Laboratory Northeast and Islands. Retrieved from http://ies.ed.gov/ncee/edlabs.

  15. Petrosino, A., Guckenburg, S., DeVoe, J. and Hanson, T. (2010). What characteristics of bullying, bullying victims, and schools are associated with increased reporting of bullying to school officials? (Issues & Answers Report, REL 2010- No.092). Washington, DC: US Department of Education, Institute of Education Sciences, National Center for Education Evaluation and Regional Assistance, Regional Education Laboratory Northeast and Islands. Retrieved from http://ies.ed.gov/ncee/edlabs.

  16. EverySchoolShould…

  17. Every Teacher Should…

  18. Every Student Should… Source: HRSA Stop Bullying Now!

  19. Every Parent Should… Source: HRSA Stop Bullying Now!

  20. Cyber Bullying

  21. Today’s Teens Love Technology Percentage of teens who… Source: The National Campaign to Prevent Teen and Unplanned Pregnancy.

  22. Victimization Perpetration

  23. “Sexting” is CommonPercentage of teens sending or posting sexually suggestive messages (text, email, IM) Source: The National Campaign to Prevent Teen and Unplanned Pregnancy.

  24. Peer Pressure?Percentage of teens who said pressure from a member of the opposite sex is a reason to send sexy messages or images Source: The National Campaign to Prevent Teen and Unplanned Pregnancy.

  25. Vegas Syndrome 61% of teens “strongly” and “somewhat agree” that “People my age are more forward/aggressive using sexy messages and pictures/video than they are in real life” Source: The National Campaign to Prevent Teen and Unplanned Pregnancy.

  26. Every Parent Should… • Talk to your kids about what they are doing in cyberspace. • Know who your kids are communicating with. • Consider limitations on electronic communication. • Be aware of what your teens are posting publicly. • Set expectations. Source: The National Campaign to Prevent Teen and Unplanned Pregnancy.

  27. In a Truly Safe School Every Student Feels Like… • They Belong. • They are Valued. • They Feel Physically and Emotionally Safe.

  28. What Gets Measured is What Gets Done

  29. Safe and Supportive Schools (s3) Model:A New Approach to K-12 School Safety Draft s3 Model. Please do not circulate without consent from the Office of Safe and Drug-Free Schools. Please contact Kristen Harper (kristen.harper@ed.gov) with questions or concerns.

  30. SASD Document Bullying behavior can be: 1. Physical (e.g. assault, hitting or punching, kicking, theft) 2. Verbal (e.g. threatening or intimidating language, teasing or name calling, racist remarks) 3. Indirect (e.g. spreading cruel rumors, intimidation through gestures, social exclusion and sending insulting messages or pictures by mobile phone or using the internet also known as cyber bullying) 4. Between students and students, students and adults, or adults and adults.

  31. Scott Walz 1991-2010

  32. Pheobe Prince 10th Grade South Hadley, MA 1994 – January 2010 Death by hanging Hope Witsell 8th Grade Ruskin, FL 1996 – September 2009 Death by hanging Justin Aaberg 10th Grade Anoka, MN 1995 – July 2010 Death by hanging Ty Field 6th Grade Perkins, OK 1998 – May 2010 Death by gunshot Christian Taylor 9th Grade Yorktown, VA 1994 – May 2010 Death by hanging Tyler Clementi College Freshman Ridgewood, NJ 1992 – September 2010 Jumped off the George Washington Bridge Carl Joseph Walker Hoover 6th Grade Springfield, MA 1998 – April 2009 Death by hanging Scott Walz Johnsburg, IL 1991 – May 2010 Death by hanging

  33. Keep in Touch! Kevin.Jennings@Ed.gov 202-245-7830

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