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Discomfort changes during pregnancy. Pica Abdominal distention. The definition of pica.
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Discomfort changes during pregnancy Pica Abdominal distention
The definition of pica • Pica is the persistent craving and compulsive consumption of substances such as ice, clay, soap, coal or starch. Several theories have been proposed to explain the condition, such as nutritional deficiencies of zinc or iron, or the sensory enjoyment of the taste, texture or smell of the substance. • Some pica practices have cultural roots and some believe it is a behavioural response to stress, a habit or disorder or a manifestation of an oral fixation .
The risk of pica • Pica can cause a number of medical problems, such as nutritional deficiencies, constipation, electrolyte imbalance, gastrointestinal and metabolic disturbances, lead poisoning, dental complications and weight gain . • Some cravings are potentially dangerous, such as eating mothballs, which can cause fetal haemolytic anemia . • the prevalence of anaemia was 15% in women with pica compared with 6% in those without it, and the rate of pre-term birth at <35 weeks was noted to be twice as high in women with pica.
The diagnosis and treatment of pica • When diagnosed it is important that a non-judgemental understanding and culturally sensitive approach to care is taken. • Treatment will depend on the cause but may include iron supplementation, homeopathic remedies and counselling.
Abdominal distension • Abdominal distension and a ‘bloated’ feeling occur when nutrients and fluids remain in the intestinal tract for longer, particularly in the third trimester due to the prolonged transit time. • Increased flatulence may also occur due to decreased motility and pressure of the uterus on the bowel .