Computer Organization And Assembly Language

1. Computer Organization AndAssembly Language Prof. Muhammad Saeed

2. Moor’s Law "The number of transistors incorporated in a chip will approximately double every 24 months."

3. Comparison Of CISC & RISC Technologies

4. Intel 4004 First single-chip microprocessor Year 1971 Clock Speed 740 KHz No. Of Transistors 2300 at 10 m MIPS 0.07 Register Length 4-bit Data Bus Length 4-bit Address Memory 640 bytes

5. Intel 8008 Year 1972 Clock Speed 800 KHz No. Of Transistors 3500 at 10 m MIPS 0.05 Register Length 8-bit Data Bus Length 8-bit Address Memory 16 kb

6. Intel 8086 Year 1978 Clock Speed 5MHz No. Of Transistors 29000 at 3 m MIPS 0.33 Register Length 16-bit Data Bus Length 16-bit Address Memory 1 MB

7. Intel 8088 Year 1979 Clock Speed 5MHz No. Of Transistors 29000 at 3 m MIPS 0.33 Register Length 16-bit Data Bus Length Ext 8-bit Address Memory 1 MB

8. Intel 80286 Year 1982 Clock Speed 6-25MHz No. Of Transistors 134000 at 1.5 m MIPS 0.9-2.66 Register Length 16-bit Data Bus Length 16-bit Addressable Memory 16 MB

9. Intel 80386DX Year 1985 Clock Speed 16-33MHz No. Of Transistors 275000 at 1 m MIPS 5-9.9 Register Length 32-bit Data Bus Length 32-bit Addressable Memory 4G MB

10. Intel 80486DX Includes Math Coprocessor and Cache Year 1989 Clock Speed 25-50MHz No. Of Transistors 1.2million at 1-0.8 m MIPS 20-41 Register Length 32-bit Data Bus Length 32-bit Addressable Memory 4G MB

11. Intel Pentium Includes data and Instruction Caches(8k) Year 1993 Clock Speed 60-200MHz No. Of Transistors 3.1-5.5million at .8-.35 m MIPS 100-270 Register Length 64-bit Data Bus Length 64-bit Addressable Memory 4GB

12. Intel Pentium II Includes data and Instruction Caches(8k) Year 1997 Clock Speed -450MHz No. Of Transistors 7.5million at .35-.25 m MIPS 100-112 Register Length 64-bit Data Bus Length 64-bit Addressable Memory 4G B 541 MIPS at 200 MHz

13. Intel Pentium III Year 1999 Clock Speed 600MHz No. Of Transistors 9.5million at .35-.25 m MIPS 2054 Register Length 64-bit Data Bus Length 64-bit Addressable Memory 64G B 2,054 MIPS at 600 MHz

14. Intel i7 Year 2008 Clock Speed 3.2 GHz No. Of Transistors 731,000,000 45 nm-22nm MIPS 2,054 Register Length 64-bit Data Bus Length 64-bit Addressable Memory 64GB

15. 8088 Block Diagram

16. Intel 8088 • Units: • EU • BIU • ALU • Bus Control • EU Control • Instruction Queue • Registers: • General Purpose • Pointer • Segment • Flags

17. 16 bit Flags Register

18. Intel 8088 • Levels of Programming Language: • Microcode • Machine Code • Assembly Language • Low-Level Programming Language • High-Level Programming Language

19. Pentium Block Diagram

20. Registers 8-64 Bits

21. 32 bit Flags Register

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