Traditional view: Simple, efficient technology, using limited resources.

1. The use of Appropriate Technology in the design of new dredgersir.Robby de Backer, ir.Frederik DerooJan De Nul N.V.

2. APPROPRIATE TECHNOLOGY:Technology or engineering that takes special consideration of its social and environmental ramifications. Traditional view: • Simple, efficient technology, using limited resources. • Immediately applicable in daily life. • Mostly applied to developing countries.

3. APPROPRIATE TECHNOLOGY:Technology or engineering that takes special consideration of its social and environmental ramifications.Applied to Dredging. • Use design, materials and equipments with lowest possible social and environmental negative impact in the design and construction of Dredgers. • Use design, materials and equipments with lowest possible social and environmental negative impact during the operation of Dredgers. • Use operational methods with lowest possible social and environmental negative impact during execution of the project.

4. APPROPRIATE TECHNOLOGY:Technology or engineering that takes special consideration of its social and environmental ramifications.Applied to Dredging. Compliance with the principles of Appropriate Technology • Holistic approach. • AT = Efficient Dredgers (social aspect ?)

6. Investment plan 2007-2011(ordered)

7. APPROPRIATE TECHNOLOGY:Technology or engineering that takes special consideration of its social and environmental ramifications.Applied to Dredging. • Design and construction of a Dredger. • Conceptual design. • Material selection. • System design. • Energy & emissions. • Operational methods of a Dredger. • Optimal fleet management. • Rules & regulations. • Cost.

8. APPROPRIATE TECHNOLOGY:Technology or engineering that takes special consideration of its social and environmental ramifications.Applied to Dredging. Design and construction of a dredger: • Conceptual Design: EFFICIENCY, APPLICATION OF MODERN DESIGN TOOLS, ADVANTAGE OF “YOUNGER” VESSELS

12. Specific Power [kW/kn*ton] for hopperdredgers 2000 to 5000 m3

13. Specific Power [kW/kn*ton] for Jumbo hopperdredgers

15. Ratio Deadweight/Light Ship Weight for Jumbo Hopperdredgers

16. Ratio Light Ship Weight/L*B*H for Jumbo Hopperdredgers

17. APPROPRIATE TECHNOLOGY:Technology or engineering that takes special consideration of its social and environmental ramifications.Applied to Dredging. Design and construction of a dredger: • Conceptual Design: EFFICIENCY, APPLICATION OF MODERN DESIGN TOOLS , ADVANTAGE OF “YOUNGER” VESSELS • Material Selection: CRITERIA FOR “AT” COMPLIANCE ARE REQUIRED

18. APPROPRIATE TECHNOLOGY:Technology or engineering that takes special consideration of its social and environmental ramifications.Applied to Dredging. Design and construction of a dredger: • Conceptual Design: EFFICIENCY, APPLICATION OF MODERN DESIGN TOOLS , ADVANTAGE OF “YOUNGER” VESSELS • Material Selection: CRITERIA FOR “AT” COMPLIANCE ARE REQUIRED • System Design: EFFICIENCY

19. APPROPRIATE TECHNOLOGY:Technology or engineering that takes special consideration of its social and environmental ramifications.Applied to Dredging. Design and construction of a dredger: • Conceptual Design: EFFICIENCY, APPLICATION OF MODERN DESIGN TOOLS , ADVANTAGE OF “YOUNGER” VESSELS • Material Selection: CRITERIA FOR “AT” COMPLIANCE ARE REQUIRED • System Design: EFFICIENCY • Energy & Emissions: EFFICIENCY

20. APPROPRIATE TECHNOLOGY:Technology or engineering that takes special consideration of its social and environmental ramifications.Applied to Dredging. Operation of a Dredger: • Optimal fleet management: USE THE MOST APPROPRIATE DREDGER

22. Project parameters Dredged spoil: medium to fine sand, D50=150 mu Dredging depth: 15 m Sailing distance from dredge site to disposal site: 15 Nautical Miles Disposal method: Bottomdoor dumping Total amount of spoil to be dredged: 1 000 000 m3 Maximum loaded draught due to local constraints: 8 m

23. APPROPRIATE TECHNOLOGY:Technology or engineering that takes special consideration of its social and environmental ramifications.Applied to Dredging. Operation of a Dredger: • Optimal fleet management: USE THE MOST APPROPRIATE DREDGER • Regulations: “HOLISTIC APPROACH”, USE OBJECTIVE PARAMETERS

26. Project parameters Dredged spoil: medium to fine sand, D50=150 mu Dredging depth: 15 m Sailing distance from dredge site to disposal site: 15 Nautical Miles Disposal method: Bottomdoor dumping Total amount of spoil to be dredged: 1 000 000 m3

27. APPROPRIATE TECHNOLOGY:Technology or engineering that takes special consideration of its social and environmental ramifications.Applied to Dredging. Operation of a Dredger: • Optimal fleet management: USE THE MOST APPROPRIATE DREDGER • Regulations: “HOLISTIC APPROACH” • Cost: “COST” OF SIDE-EFFECTS TO BE TAKEN INTO ACCOUNT ?

28. APPROPRIATE TECHNOLOGY:Technology or engineering that takes special consideration of its social and environmental ramifications.Applied to Dredging.CONCLUSIONS • New design tools needed. • Holistic principle. • Importance of a modern, versatile fleet.