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RENEWABLES REGULATION - Case Study : Romania Maria Manicuta- ANRE, Director Romanian Wind Energy Forum, Constanta, 5-7 sept.2012. ANRE. CONTENT. GENERAL ASPECTS ON RES PROMOTION SUPPORT SCHEMES FOR E-RES PROMOTION THE PROMOTION SYSTEM OF E-RES IN ROMANIA E-RES SUPPORT SCHEME EFFECTS
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RENEWABLES REGULATION- Case Study : Romania Maria Manicuta- ANRE, Director Romanian Wind Energy Forum, Constanta, 5-7 sept.2012 ANRE
CONTENT • GENERAL ASPECTS ON RES PROMOTION • SUPPORT SCHEMES FOR E-RES PROMOTION • THE PROMOTION SYSTEM OF E-RES IN ROMANIA • E-RES SUPPORT SCHEME EFFECTS 5. STATISTICS REGARDING THE PROMOTION SYSTEM OF E-RES- 2010/2011 6. PERSPECTIVES
1.GENERAL ASPECTS ON RES PROMOTION (1) • Quantitative aspects • RES limitation • RES are endless but their potential is limited in a particular area and in a specific period of time. • UE target: 20% of the final energy consumption for 2020 should be energy from RES. • Other 80 % ? • UE study – Energy produced from RES in Romania in 2020 – 24%! National targets for Member States :
1.GENERAL ASPECTS ON RES PROMOTION (2) • Qualitative aspects • Geographically limited RES potential • geothermal potential • hydro potential • wind potential Competition with other uses • Agriculture or biofuels? Brasil: over 10 millionsof vehicule use fuels with 25% ethanol produced using sugarcanefromspecific crops developed on 12 milioane ha • Agricultureor photovoltaics panels? Romania:investors expressed their intension to build photovoltaic parks on 2-5 ha usable agricultural land area (crops or grass land).
1.GENERAL ASPECTS ON RES PROMOTION (3) • Qualitative aspects • Transporting RES - impossible • exception biomass Controlling power produced using some RES - impossible wind, solar, partly hydro Romania: • 670 MW installedin wind parks; • 590 MW maximum power; • fluctuations of over 100 MW in 15 min. • Environmental aspects • Ecosystems changed by dams; • Birds collided with the mobil parts of the wind turbines, especially on migration corridor; • Birds and insectstricked by photovoltaics panels which looks like water surface.
Across Europe, support schemes have been implemented, and despite the differences between them, they can broadly be classified in four categories:- price-based (feed-in tariffs and price premiums);-quantitative-based (green certificates);- investment subsidies (soft loans, grants, etc.) -fiscal incentives (tax rebates, tax levy on non-renewable sources, etc.). 2.SUPPORT SCHEMES FOR E-RES PROMOTION (1)
2.SUPPORT SCHEMES FOR E-RES PROMOTION (2) • RES-E promotion schemes across EU-27
3.E-RESPROMOTING SYSTEM IN ROMANIA –Background(1) • PRIMARY LEGISLATION: • The first E-RES promotion system was established by the Government Decision 1892/2004, and isthe mandatory quota system combined with the trading of green certificates (GC); • The Law 220/2008 , modified in 2010 and republished,for the promotion of electricity produced from renewable energy sources reaffirms the existing system and improves it *; • At present the promotion system was authorized by the European Commission (EC); • The Law 220/2008 was modified to fulfill the EC Authorization Decision requirements - Government Emergency Decision 88/12.10.2011, approved by the Law 134/2012 * for power plants ≤ 1 MW or ≤ 2 MW for high efficiency cogeneration units from biomass –fix price regulated by ANRE (producer’s option)
3. THE PROMOTION SYSTEM OF E-RES IN ROMANIA- Background(2) SECONDARY LEGISLATION ( ANREregulations): • Order 42/2011 – Regulation regarding certifying E-RES producers for the support scheme • Order 43/2011 – Regulation for issuing GC • Order 44/2011 – Regulation regarding organization and operation of the green certificates market market • Order 45/2011 - Methodology for establishing the annual quota of GC • Order 6/2012 - Methodology for monitoring of the support scheme
3.E-RESPROMOTING SYSTEM IN ROMANIA – Evolution of E-RES Mandatory Quota
3.E-RESPROMOTING SYSTEM IN ROMANIA –E-RES targets & maximum supported quotas National E-RES targets and maximum E*-RES quotas per annum that can benefit of the promoting system in the final gross power consumption – according to Law 220/2008 republished *The GC quotas are established on the grounds of the methodology drawn up by ANRE for establishing the GC quota per annum
3.E-RESPROMOTING SYSTEM IN ROMANIAEligible technologies for the support scheme • hydro energy used in plants with installed capacity up to 10 MW; • wind energy; • solar energy; • geothermal energy*; • biomass; • bio-liquids; • biogas; • landfill gas; • sewage treatment plant gas. for the power plants/groups commissioned, respectively refurbished until the end of 2016. * Not yet authorisated by EC **The E-RES promoting system is also applied for electricity generated in wind plants which are used in isolated electric power systems or commissioned before Law No. 220/2008 came into force
3.E-RESPROMOTING SYSTEM IN ROMANIARestrictions • E-RES support scheme shall not be applied to: • electricity produced from imported biomass, industrial and/or city waste; • b) electricity produced from the water previously pumped in the superior basin by plants which accumulate by pumping; • c) electricity produced in multi-fuel power plants which use RES and conventional sources, if the energy content of the conventional fuel represents more than 10% of the total energy content used; • d) electricity used for the own consumption of the plant.
3.E-RESPROMOTING SYSTEM IN ROMANIA – Green Certificates Number Alocation
3.E-RESPROMOTING SYSTEM IN ROMANIA – General Caracteristics(1) • GC are issued to E-RES producers by TSO and are sold on the GC centralized market and/or on the GC bilateral contracts market to the electricity suppliers of the end-users; • The electricity suppliers have the obligation to purchase yearly a number of GC equal to the value of the mandatory annual quota multiplied with the amount of electricity in MWh, supplied to end consumers by each; quarterly fulfillment obligation introduced by the Law 134/2012 • ANRE has to elaborate a methodology for establishing the annual quotas of green certificates, which is approved by order of the president of ANRE; • Suppliers have to pay penalties for non fulfillment quota:, at 55 euro/GC (quarterly) or 110 euro/GC (yearly); these values are indexed yearly by ANRE; • The amount resulted yearly goes to the Environment Fund to finance the projects of E-RES up to 100 kW developed by natural persons/ Guaranty Fund administrated by Opcom
3.E-RESPROMOTING SYSTEM IN ROMANIA – General Caracteristics(2) • E-RES may be sold: • within bilateral contracts, to electricity suppliers or final customers, concluded according to law provisions; • within bilateral contracts, to electricity suppliers which are legally obliged to buy, at the request of E-RES producers who have units ≤ 1MW or ≤ 2 MW for high efficiency cogeneration units from biomass, the electricity they produced at regulated prices; • on the centralized Day Ahead Market (DAM), at the market clearing price
3.E-RESPROMOTING SYSTEM IN ROMANIAGeneral Caracteristics(3) The GCtrading value is established through market mechanisms and can vary between: a) a minimum trading value of 27 euro/certificate and b) a maximum trading value of 55 euro/certificate, calculated in RON at the average exchange rate established by the Romanian National Bank for December of previous year. • maximum and minimum trading values of GC are established by law up to 2025; • starting with 2011, the price limits will be indexed annually by ANRE according to the average inflation rate in the month of December of the previous year, calculated for UE 27 countries, officially communicated by EUROSTAT; • after 2025, no maximum limit will apply; the trading value for green certificates shall be set on the GC market but it can’t be lower than the minimumtrading value applied in 2025, indexed annually;
Producers GC Market Suppliers GC_E-SRE E-RES Labeling Electricity Coal Electricity Nuclear Electricity Market 3.E-RESPROMOTING SYSTEM IN ROMANIA Relation between electricity market and GC market
3.E-RESPROMOTING SYSTEM IN ROMANIA – Green Certificate Market GC Centralised Market - administrated by the Electricity Market Operator (OPCOM)
4. E-RES SUPPORT SCHEME EFFECTS- Final Customers price estimation increase *actual data
4. E-RES SUPPORT SCHEME EFFECTS- others • Increase of the electricity price to the final consumer due to the costs for ensuring stability and security of SEN – analyses made by Transelectrica 2011 • 1,5 ...2,5 Euro / MWh • maximum installed capacity of the wind parks: 2700 - 3000 MW, • over 14 000 MW under construction (having connectioncontracts with grid operators)
5. STATISTICS REGARDING E-RES PROMOTION SYSTEM -2011 (1) • The evolution of installed power / E- RES:
5.STATISTICS REGARDING THE PROMOTION SYSTEM OF E-RES- 2011 (2) • The GC issued by technology in 2005-2011:
6. THE PERSPECTIVES OF INVESTMENTS IN RES-E IN ROMANIA