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Chapter 16. Leading Change. Ex. 16.1 Forces Driving the Need for Major Organizational Change. Globalization, technological change, e-business, increased competition, changing markets. More threats More domestic competition Increased speed International competition. More opportunities
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Chapter 16 Leading Change
Ex. 16.1 Forces Driving the Need for Major Organizational Change Globalization, technological change, e-business, increased competition, changing markets More threats More domestic competition Increased speed International competition More opportunities Bigger markets Fewer barriers More international markets More large-scale change in organizations Reengineering Horizontal organizing – teams Networks Quality programs New technologies and products Mergers, joint ventures Consortia Virtual and global teams Strategic change Cultural change Learning organization
Ex. 16.2 The Eight-Stage Model of Planned Organizational Change 8. Institutionalize changes in the org. culture 1. Establish a sense of urgency 7. Consolidate gains, create greater change 2. Form a powerful guiding coalition 3. Develop a compelling vision and strategy 6. Generate short-term wins 5. Empower employees to act on the vision 4. Communicate the vision widely
Ex. 16.3 A Range of Everyday Change Strategies Disruptive self-expression Variable-term opportunism Private Leader working alone Public Leader working with others Verbal Jujitsu Strategic alliance-building
Personal Compact The reciprocal obligations and commitments that define the relationship between employees and the organization • Reasons people resist change: • Self-interest • Uncertainty • Different assessments and goals
Downsizing Intentionally reducing the size of a company’s workforce
Innovation Terms Creativity • The generation of new ideas that result in improved efficiency and effectiveness of the organization Idea Incubator • A safe harbor where ideas from employees throughout the organization can be developed without interference from company bureaucracy or politics
Innovation Terms (contd.) Corporate Entrepreneurship • Internal entrepreneurial spirit that includes values of exploration, experimentation, and risk taking Idea Champions • People who passionately believe in a new idea and actively work to overcome obstacles and resistance
Ex. 16.4 Characteristics of Innovative Organizations and Creative People
Ex. 16.5 Stages in the Creative Process Recognition of problem/opportunity Evaluation and implementation Information gathering Insight Incubation