1 / 27

TOIPC: Periodic Table Organization

TOIPC: Periodic Table Organization Do Now: From your activity yesterday, and p.5 answer page 6 in your packet. Periodic Law. There is a periodic repetition of chemical and physical properties of elements when arranged by increasing atomic number. What is the periodic table?.

fawn
Download Presentation

TOIPC: Periodic Table Organization

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. TOIPC: Periodic Table Organization Do Now: From your activity yesterday, and p.5 answer page 6 in your packet

  2. Periodic Law • There is a periodic repetition of chemical and physical properties of elements when arranged by increasing atomic number

  3. What is the periodic table? • compact way of organizing elements • contains a lot of information • allows us to make predictions about behaviour and properties of elements • Elements

  4. The periodic table hasn’t always look like this

  5. History of the Periodic Table • End of the 1700’s – less than 30 elements known • Many elements discovered during 1800’s • Many experiments done to determine atomic masses

  6. John Newlands • 1864: if elements arranged by atomic mass - properties repeat every 8th element • Law of Octaves • did not work for all known elements • Key idea was correct: Properties of elements do repeat in periodic way

  7. Mendeleev & Meyer Mendeleev produced 1st accepted PT: 1869 • Elements ordered by ↑ atomic mass into columns with similar properties • Predicted existence & properties of undiscovered elements • Not totally correct • more accurate atomic mass calculations showed some elements weren’t in right place

  8. Remember 1860’s: • No subatomic particles yet discovered • Dalton’s billiard ball model of the atom

  9. 1913 – Henry Moseley • by 1913, protons & electrons discovered • Neutrons were predicted • Moseley determined atoms of each element contain unique # protons (= atomic number) • rearranged Mendeleev’s PT by atomic number instead of mass • problems with elements in wrong place disappeared

  10. Periodic Table is arranged according atomic number and organized into groups and periods

  11. COLUMNS Groups/Family numbering (1  18) left to right TELL US NUMBER OF VALENCE ELECTRONS (KIND OF)

  12. Valence Electrons – electrons in the outer shell • Chemical behaviour determined by # valence electrons • Elements with same # valence electrons will have similar chemical properties • Elements in same column have similar chemical properties

  13. Period Element Configuration 1 H 1 2 Li 2-1 3 Na 2-8-1 4 K 2-8-8-1 5 Rb 2-8-18-8-1 6 Cs 2-8-18-18-8-1 7 Fr 2-8-18-32-18-8-1 Going Down Column 1:

  14. Group Number of Valence Electrons 1 or IA 1 2 or IIA 2 13 or IIIA 3 14 or IVA 4 Valence Electrons

  15. COLUMNS CO L U MN • Aka groupsor families • #1 thru 18, Arabic numerals • (old way, Roman Numerals and letters) • - tell us number of valance electrons • (KIND OF) = works for 1,2, 13,14,15,16,17,18 Turn to packet page one, lets label the columns and valence electrons

  16. Names of Families(AKA group A elements) • Group 1 = Alkali Metals • Group 2 = Alkaline Earth Metals • Groups 3-12: Transition metals • Group 17 = Halogens • Group 18 = Noble Gases

  17. Transition Metals (in yellow) • Groups 3 through 12

  18. form brightly colored salts

  19. Glenn Seaborg: 1950’sf-Block Metals • Lanthanide (rare Earth metals) – can be found naturally on Earth, only 1 is radioactive • Actinide– all are radioactive, some are made in the lab. INCLUDES Uranium Turn to packet page one, lets label the the f-block metals

  20. ROWS Period numbering (1  7) top to bottom TELL US NUMBER OF SHELLS (energy levels)

  21. Energy Levels = Row Number • Elements in same row have same # of principal energy levels

  22. ROWS • Rows are called series or periods • #1 thru 7 - TELL US HOW MANY ENERGY LEVELS ROW Turn to packet page one, lets label the periods

More Related