Colonial Gallery

1. Colonial Gallery Jamestown 1607 1st permanent English settlement

2. The 13 Original Colonies New England colonies labeled. The remaining colonies listed from north to south: Purple: New York Lime green: Pennsylvania Royal blue: New Jersey Pink: Maryland Dark Red: Delaware Yellow: Virginia Forest green: North Carolina Orange: South Carolina Periwinkle: Georgia

3. Geography:Jamestown & Chesapeake Bay

4. Jamestown today--its relationship to the James River

5. In 1607, three ships arrived from England with 104 men and boys: the Godspeed, the Discovery, and the Susan Constant. The settlers chose a narrow peninsula on this river for their new home and named it and the nearby river after their king, James. Historic painting of the landing of the three ships at Jamestown in 1607

6. Jamestown Harbor today

7. Jamestown’s 1st “real” leader Captain John Smith

8. Jamestown Fort, 1607

9. Jamestown settlement(computer-generated)

10. Jamestown village

11. Jamestown Chapel, 1611

12. Jamestown’s “Starving Time” The winter of 1609-1610 became known as "the starving time" in Jamestown.

13. Jamestown’s “Starving Time” It was no accident that the colony reached its low point just after John Smith left to return to England.

14. Jamestown’s “Starving Time” Without a strong leader in Jamestown, Indian (King) Powhatan took advantage of Jamestown's desperate situation.

15. Winter of 1609-10: “The starving time” Archeologists have found evidence that the colonists ate cats, dogs, horses and rats—including the black rat, carrier of the bubonic plague.

16. Winter of 1609-10: “The starving time” One settler was put to death for killing and eating his wife.

17. Winter of 1609-10: “The starving time” It was a hard winter. The Algonquians were also starving.

18. Winter of 1609-10: “The starving time” Only 60 of the 214 settlers survived.

19. Arrival of Lord De La Warr Baron De La Warr (Delaware) led a convoy of 11 ships + 150 men to Jamestown in June1610. They brought much-needed food and supplies, arriving just in time to persuade the surviving settlers not to give up and go back to England after “The Starving Time”

20. John Rolfe:1st successful tobacco planter (pictured below)Establishing the economic foundation

21. Smoking Club in London Many Europeans believed smoking cured illnesses French ambassador Jean Nicto ('nicotine’) used tobacco for headaches Today, tobacco is known to cause serious health issues

22. Tobacco = Virginia’s economic success 1618 — 20,000 pounds of tobacco produced 1622 — 60,000 pounds of tobacco produced despite deadly Indian attack 1627 — 500,000 pounds of tobacco produced 1629 — 1,500,000 pounds of tobacco produced

23. Tobacco field workers: indentured servants

24. Tobacco changed Virginia and formed early American society: Tobacco became a symbol of wealth and power as America’s 1st successful business

25. Tobacco changed Virginia and formed early American society: Tobacco’s soil depletion led to unending quest for new farmland and encroachment of Indian lands

26. Tobacco changed Virginia and formed early American society: Tobacco cultivation is labor intensive; “need” for more laborers led to the institution of slavery (it was “beneath” gentlemen planters to do physical labor)

27. Tobacco changed Virginia and formed early American society: These factors changed Virginia and Maryland from small farm communities in a compact area to a sprawling colony of large plantations

28. Matoaka-Pocahontas-Rebecca Rolfe:America’s 1st sweetheart Matoaka: Nicknamed “Pocahontas” Baptized as Christian: Lady Rebecca Rolfe

29. Matoaka-Pocahontas-Rebecca Rolfe:America’s 1st sweetheart (2) Stylized painting of Pocahontas’s marriage to tobacco planter, John Rolfe, after she accepted Christianity and was baptized as “Rebecca”

30. Matoaka-Pocahontas-Rebecca Rolfe:America’s 1st sweetheart (3) This portrait of Rebecca Rolfe and her son, Thomas, was painted in England when she was about 21 years of age. It has been carefully preserved through the centuries and is now at Kings Lynn Museum in England

31. Roots of Democracy, 1619House of Burgesses The first meeting of electedrepresentatives of the people of Virginia met to discuss pressing issues and make laws for fellow citizens: the beginning of representative government in the New World.

32. House of Burgesses in Williamsburg, VA today

33. Roots of Slavery, 1619 It is late summer, 1619. Out of a violent storm appears a Dutch ship.

34. Roots of Slavery, 1619 The ship's cargo hold is empty except for about twenty or so Africans whom the captain and crew have robbed from a Spanish ship.

35. Roots of Slavery, 1619 The captain exchanges the Africans for food and sails away.

36. Roots of Slavery, 1619 Whatever the status of these first Africans to be brought to Jamestown, (most believe they became indentured servants and given their freedom)...

37. Roots of Slavery, 1619 ...by 1640 at least one had been declared a slave, ordered by the court "to serve his master for the time of his natural life..."

38. By 1619, Jamestown... was solidly on its way to becoming the first permanent English colony with the... *...first successful business (tobacco) establishing economic development *...House of Burgesses beginning representative government *...first Africans working the fields with dubious freedoms and rights