The medieval states of XIV-XV cc.: Ak (White)-Horde and Мogulistan.

1. Lecture 10 The medieval states of XIV-XV cc.: Ak (White)-Horde and Мogulistan.

2. 1. The public arrangement and political history of Ak (White) Horde. 2.Conquring campaigns of Emir Timur(Tamerlan). 2. State of Mogulistan. Brief contents:

3. 1. The public arrangement and political history of Ak (White) Horde. A Period of after Mongol invasions (XIV-XVcc.) is characterized by association nomadic and settled-nomadic population of the enormous territory East Desht- and Kypchak, Semirechieand South Kazakhstan.

4. In XIV-XV cc. on territory of Kazakhstan existed such medieval states as: White Horde, Mogulistan, State of Abulkhair and Nogai Horde.

5. Thanks to the active intercourses of the ethnic groups, si­milar on language, material and spiritual culture took place. These states had many common in their state sys­tem: ulus organization of the nomad population, structure of the ruling (khan) power and army, tax system. • In ge­neral, these forms and structure were taken from the Mon­gol time, and they were remained in the Kazak khanate in XV c.

6. The public arrangement of Ak Horde

7. The political history of Ak Horde : • The first stage is long struggle for clearing of territories of East Desht-i- Kypchak from under authority of Golden Horde; • The second stage-intervention of Ak-horde khans in policy of Golden Horde; • The last stage is struggle against aggression of governor of Maverannakhr of Emir Timur and Timureeds.

8. Finally to tear with nominal dependence from Golden Horde it was possible in middle of XIV century to Erzenkhan and Mubarak –hodja (1320-1344). The Ak Horde has considerably become stronger at Urus khan in 60-70-th of XIV century.

9. 2.Conquring campaigns of Emir Timur (Tamerlan). Emir Timur (Tamerlan)- (1370-1405) is governor of Maverannakhr and Central Asia

10. Samarkand- is capital of Empire’s Emir Timur

11. The mosque of Bibikhanym

12. The Empire of Emir Timur

13. Timur and his great-grandson Z.M.Babur

14. 2. State of Mogulistan.

15. XV-XVI cc.- time of existence’s Mogulistan state Mogulistan also called the Eastern Chagatai Khanate. BkahtToghluckTimur- founder of the state. ToghlughTimur also later converted to Islam. Conversion amongst the general population was slow to follow. Timur appointed his son,Iliyaskhodja, khan, who was killed in 1368 by Qamar -ud-din Dughlat.

16. This takeover provoked a period of near-constant civil wars, because the tribal chiefs could not accept that Qamarud-din, a "commoner", could accede to the throne. Opposition to Qamar within his own Dughlat tribe compromised the unity of Moghulistan, as Mirza Abu BakrDughlat took control of Kashgar.

17. The representatives of ruling nobility of Mogulistan

18. During the XV c. Moguls had to deal with several enemy incursions by the Oirats, Timurids and Uzbeks. YunusKhan (1462-1487) profited from the weakness of his neighbors and took Tashkent in 1482. Finally,In the mid. of XVI c. Mogulistancame under increasing pressure from the Kyrgyz and Kazakh khanate.

19. Thank you of your attention!!!