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This chapter explores the concept of curriculum, curriculum standards and benchmarks, and the integration of technology into the classroom. It discusses the use of computers in computer labs versus classroom instruction and ways in which technology can positively influence learning. It also examines various planning tools and instructional models for technology integration and offers strategies for getting started with technology at a new school.
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Chapter 6 Technology and Curriculum Integration
CHAPTER 6 OBJECTIVES • Define curriculum and explain curriculum standards and benchmarks • Explain technology integration, or curriculum integration • Describe the use of computers in computer labs versus classroom instruction • Identify ways in which technology can positively influence learning
CHAPTER 6 OBJECTIVES • Identify ways to plan for technology integration • Explain various planning tools and instructional models • Describe the steps of the ASSURE Model • Identify ways to get started using technology at a new school • Describe the use of learning centers
WHAT IS CURRICULUM? • Education is all of the experiences that a learner has under the supervision and guidance of teachers • Curriculums include plans or written documents
WHAT IS CURRICULUM? • Country or state agencies
WHAT IS CURRICULUM? • Curriculum Standards and Benchmarks • Curriculum standard • Defines what a student is expected to know at certain stages of education • Benchmark • Specific, measurable learning objective
WHAT IS TECHNOLOGY INTEGRATION? • Combining of all technology parts, such as hardware and software, together with each subject-related area of curriculum to enhance learning • Establish connections between subject matter and the real world
WHAT IS TECHNOLOGY INTEGRATION? • Curriculum drives technology
WHAT IS TECHNOLOGY INTEGRATION? • Classroom Integration versus Computer Labs • Computer labs • A designated classroom filled with computers • Teachers schedule time to use the labs for many purposes
WHAT IS TECHNOLOGY INTEGRATION? • Classroom Integration versus Computer Labs • Point of instruction • Technology in the classroom at the teachers’ and students’ fingertips
WHAT IS TECHNOLOGY INTEGRATION? • Classroom Integration versus Computer Labs • Point of instruction • Teachable moments
THE CLASSROOM IN ACTION • Introduction to Mr. Balado’s classroom • Instructional computer with access to the Web and connected to a large television set • Allows Mr. Balado to access vast amounts of information
INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGY INTO THE CURRICULUM • Technology can motivate students and increase class attendance • Technology must be integrated into the curriculum • Identify goals • Develop innovative ways to teach a diverse population of learners with different learning styles
Technology is a tool that creates valuable learning experiences for many different types of learners
CHANGING INSTRUCTIONAL STRATEGIES • Teachers are shifting from being the dispenser of knowledge to being the facilitator of learning • Students can accomplish learning with the teachers’ assistance • Learning is not just storage of knowledge, but includes problem solving
BARRIERS TO TECHNOLOGY INTEGRATION • Lack of teacher training • Lack of administration support • Limited time for teacher planning • Placement of computers in remote locations • Overcoming the barriers
TECHNOLOGY INTEGRATION AND THE LEARNING PROCESS • The Learning Process • Authentic learning • Instructional activities that demonstrate real-life connections by associating the concept being taught with a real-life activity or event
TECHNOLOGY INTEGRATION AND THE LEARNING PROCESS • The Learning Process • Active learning • Students become active in the learning process • Anchored instruction • Providing a knowledge base on which students can build
TECHNOLOGY INTEGRATION AND THE LEARNING PROCESS • The Learning Process • Problem-based instruction • Students use the background (anchor) information to solve complex problems • Discovery learning • Inquiry-based method for teaching and learning
TECHNOLOGY INTEGRATION AND THE LEARNING PROCESS • Technology and the Learning Process • Numerous technology tools to support many types of instruction and learning • Multimedia • Example - Body Works • Allows students to build cognitive scaffold • Encourages students to think in colors, sounds, and animations
TECHNOLOGY INTEGRATION AND THE LEARNING PROCESS • Technology and the Learning Process • Numerous technology tools to support many types of instruction and learning • The Web • Educational equalizer • Allows children to experience new educational opportunities • Interaction with others outside of the school
TECHNOLOGY INTEGRATION AND THE LEARNING PROCESS • Technology and the Learning Process • Numerous technology tools to support many types of instruction and learning • Cooperative learning • Students work in groups to achieve learning objectives • High order thinking skills
STRATEGIES FOR INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGY INTO TEACHING • Best strategy is to put the technology in the hands of teachers • Provide consistent application of technology tools to support instructional curriculum area • Continuous planning
THE ROLE OF THE SCHOOL DISTRICT • Technology plan • Outline of procedure for procuring equipment and software • Training • Plans often updated annually
THE ROLE OF THE SCHOOL DISTRICT Mentorship program • Teaming new teachers with experienced teachers
PLANNING FOR TECHNOLOGY INTEGRATION IN THE CLASSROOM • Decide on most appropriate technology to achieve desired learner outcomes • Preparing the classroom environment
PLANNING FOR TECHNOLOGY INTEGRATION IN THE CLASSROOM • One-Computer Classroom • Maximize effectiveness of one computer • Use large screen television for output • Projection screens • Used to introduce topics rather than specific skills
PLANNING FOR TECHNOLOGY INTEGRATION IN THE CLASSROOM • Two-Computer Classroom • Develop a strategy to manage both computers • Many questions determine strategy • Will the computers be configured the same? • Web connectivity? • How much time per student? • How will student evaluation be done?
PLANNING FOR TECHNOLOGY INTEGRATION IN THE CLASSROOM • More Than Two Computers • Arrange classroom into learning centers • Use planning criteria mentioned previously
PLANNING FOR TECHNOLOGY INTEGRATION IN THE CLASSROOM • Using a Computer Lab • Advantages • One computer per student • Hands-on • Tutorials • Remediation • Cooperative learning • Computer skill instruction • Internet research
PLANNING FOR TECHNOLOGY INTEGRATION IN THE CLASSROOM • Using A Wireless Mobile Lab • Portable cart with wireless notebook computers • Can be transported from one classroom to another
PLANNING LESSONS WITH TECHNOLOGY • Must consider skill levels of students • Skill assessment survey
PLANNING LESSONS WITH TECHNOLOGY • KWL Charts • Instructional planning chart to assist teachers in identifying curriculum objectives • What students Know • What students Want to know • What they will Learn
INSTRUCTIONAL MODELS • A systematic guide for planning instruction or a lesson
INSTRUCTIONAL MODELS • The ASSURE Model • Guide for planning and delivering instruction that integrates technologies and media into the teaching process
INSTRUCTIONAL MODELS • The ASSURE Model • Analyze the learner • State your objectives or identify your objectives or purpose • Select media and materials
INSTRUCTIONAL MODELS • The ASSURE Model • Utilizing Media and Materials • Require Learner Participation • Evaluate and Revise
GETTING STARTED AT A NEW SCHOOL • Consider ways to utilize available technology • Become familiar with the technology • Ask questions
GETTING STARTED AT A NEW SCHOOL • Information About Technology • Find out who else in the school uses technology • Determine if there is a technology committee • Teacher’s manual • Determine where to get support
GETTING STARTED AT A NEW SCHOOL • Technology Training • Does the school offer professional development or inservice training • Talk to your principal, curriculum coordinator, or district instructional technology coordinator