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Chapter 7

Chapter 7. The Articles of Confederation Constitution-plan of government. Section 2. Depression- Difficult time for farmers. They could not sell their goods Shays’s Rebellion Farmers viewed the new form of government as a form of tyranny

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Chapter 7

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  1. Chapter 7 The Articles of Confederation Constitution-plan of government

  2. Section 2 • Depression- • Difficult time for farmers. They could not sell their goods • Shays’s Rebellion • Farmers viewed the new form of government as a form of tyranny • Farmers led by Shays forced courts in western Mass. to close so judges could not confiscate farmers’ lands.

  3. A call for change • All 13 states had become a union, but had not yet become a nation • James Madison and Alexander Hamilton proposed calling a convention to discuss trade and country issues.

  4. Constitutional Convention • 55 delegates met • Edmund Randolf proposed the Virginia Plan. It stated that a strong national government was needed. James Madison did most of the work on Virginia Plan. Called for a two house legislature, court system, and a chief executive. • Proportional- • NewJerseyPlan-kept one-house legislature with one vote for each state. Congress could set taxes and regulate trade. Congress would elect a weak executive branch with more than one person.

  5. Great Compromise Roger Sherman suggested the Great Compromise. *2 house legislature Lower house based on population House of representatives Upper house(Senate) had two representatives

  6. 3/5s compromise • Issue of counting slaves for population figures • Count each enslaved person as 3/5 of a free person. Every 5 enslaved persons would count as 3 free persons.

  7. Bill of Rights-first ten amendments • Needed to protect individual rights • Approving the Constitution • Three delegates refused to sign without a bill of rights • Bill of Rights was added. 9 out of 13 states had to approve.

  8. A New Plan of Government • Roots of the Constitution • Ancient Greece • Magna Carta (1215) influenced Constitution, British system of government • Enlightenment- • John Locke was an important philosopher. • Natural rights-life, liberty, and property. • In The Spirit of Laws(1748) French writer Montesquie declared the powers of government should be separated and balanced.

  9. Federalism- Legislative Branch Executive Branch Judicial

  10. Checks and Balances President can check Congress by vetoing a bill. Adopting the Constitution Delaware became the first state to approve the Constitution

  11. Bill of Rights • What are your Bill of Rights?

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