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(ii) Biblical Dwellings:

(ii) Biblical Dwellings:. (1) Images of Dwellings… Depending on the stage in history the Jews either lived in tents (tabernacles – Gen 25:27) or houses (2 Samuel 7:2 of two main types. (a) The Tent. Impressions….

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(ii) Biblical Dwellings:

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  1. (ii) Biblical Dwellings: (1) Images of Dwellings… Depending on the stage in history the Jews either lived in tents (tabernacles – Gen 25:27) or houses (2 Samuel 7:2 of two main types. (a) The Tent Impressions…. Psalm 27:5 – Place of PROTECTION. A person’s ‘tent’ referred to whole family that lived there. The tent was a temporary dwelling place – for journeying. It would have been pitched North to South with the east side open to let the hot morning air in (East = Direction of hope). The tent was a symbol of hope set before the Jews in their present journey in life (used in feast of Tabernacles). What was Peter referring to by the use of ‘tent’ in 2 Peter 1:13-14 ? (see also 2 Corinthians 5:1-4). Why is this image appropriate ? (think of it’s function). See John 1:14 – literally –’tabernacled amongst us’. 1. Lived in by sand-dwellers , nomads (Abraham) 2. Made of black goatshair (shrank with rain making it waterproof). Erected on series of poles and pegged to floor with nails (Judges 4:21). 3. Visitors received in porch area (Gen 18:1-2), conversations heard behind thin hangings (v9-15). Entry by any other male other than father / husband was punishable by death (eg. Judges 4:18,21). 4. Could be extended (Isaiah 54:2)

  2. (b) The House – two main types - TYPE ONE: Basic Jewish Old Testament House (same as poor person’s house at time of Christ). See Luke 11:7 – Why do you think the man could not rise to open the door ? Family was in the way (would wake them up! Read Rev 3:8 – what is it really saying ? God opening doors of heaven into His welcoming presence. Window (Sometimes with lattice – Prov 7:6) Rooftop (Matt 1017; Josh 2:6; Isa 22:1) – used for sleeping, storing grain, praying & escaping from wife (Prov 21:9). Parapet (Deut 22:8) Storage rooms for most important household treasures. Main living area – used for cooking and keeping household animals (only one door) – main source of light – kept open to invite people in. Sleeping area. Usually the whole family slept together on a raised platform.

  3. TYPE TWO: The Basic Dwelling at the time of Christ. Animals were not kept in separate ‘barns’ but actually slept in one of the downstairs rooms – also mangers (animal eating troughs) would be kept in that room. This could have been where Jesus was born in Joseph’s ancestral home. An extended complex of rooms. Many had second level. The rooms were called ‘kataluma’ in Greek – used of the ‘upper room’ in Luke 22:11/ Mark 14:4. This was a family house (‘Oikos’) where all the extended family lived close together (this is the place where Joseph would have asked his extended family for a place to stay (the word ‘kataluma’ is used in Luke 2:7, incorrectly translated as ‘inn’). John 14:2 is really referring to this setup – not modern mansions! Impressions: Permanent place of rest and community (‘house’ spoke of the people that made up family). Read Matthew 7:25 and Psalm 127:1 – What does ‘house’ here refer to ? See also Matthew 12:25; 21:13 ‘House’ is used of God’s Kingdom, particularly the Church (Temple of Holy Spirit).

  4. Lesson 2: Typical Daily Jewish Activities

  5. (a) Farming – Activity dependant on time of year… • The rains – See Deut 11:10-17, 28:12; Ps 72:6; Jer 5:24 – Empowering of the Holy Spirit. • Former rain = Sowing rain (empowering to sow word into hearts). • Latter rain = Harvesting rain (empowering to win souls and reap a spiritual harvest) • IMPRESSIONS: • Joel 2:23; James 5:7 – Outpouring of Spirit. • Isa 55:10-11 – The Word of God. • Prov 25:14; Jude 12 – Clouds without rain – Wicked.

  6. The stages of the crops….. • The soil preparation stage: Starts with the former rains – needs rain to soften hard ground. IMPRESSIONS of Soil Preparation: Preparation of heart. See Mat 13:15,19; Jer 14:4; 2 Chron 7:14 2. Ploughing and sowing stage (one operation): (i) Ploughing - IMPRESSIONS of Ploughing: Jer 4:3 – Breaking up hard hearts (fallow = left untended) Luke 9:62 – Ploughing is likened to spiritual ministry. Acts 26:14 uses ploughing term – a ‘goad’ was a sharp stick used to prod the oxen on in the ploughing work. God had been using the spiritual goad on Saul as he was ‘ploughing in the wrong direction! Not pleasant work. Tempting to wait for warmer days (Prov 20:4). T-shaped plough with spike at bottom and top attached to yoke (Jer 28:23). Oxen or donkeys - never together – Deut 22:10; 2 Cor 6:14

  7. (ii) Sowing: Matt 13:1-9 according to following…. • IMPRESSIONS of sowing: • Sowing words into people’s hearts - Isa 55:10; Matt 13:3,4,37; Prov 6:14,19; Matt 13:25,39 • Sowing financially - 2 Cor 9:6,10 • Sowing to yourself - Hos 10:12; Gal 6:7-9 • Comment on Psalm 126:5-6; John 4:36-38 • Sowing in tears refers to hard work of sowing word into people with no obvious initial results. Reaping in joy refers to seeing people respond to God’s Word to serve Him

  8. 3. Harvesting stage: • IMPRESSIONS of Reaping: • Binging harvest of souls (Jn 4:35-38; Ps 126) • Reap blessings for good acts(2 Cor 9:6;Mat 6:26;Gal 6:8,9) • Reap punishment for sin (Hos 10:13) • End-time judgement (Matt 13:30-43; Rev 14:14-16) The standing grain was cut by sickle, tied into bundles and loaded on donkey’s back to take away for threshing – process called ‘reaping’. Corners of field left for poor (Lev 23:22) to glean bits left by reapers (Deut 24:19-22; Ruth 2:17). 4. Threshing stage: • IMPRESSIONS of Threshing: • Threshing floor = place of judgement (Jer 51:33; Mic 4:12) • Threshing – crushing to separate good from bad - (i) God’s judgements (Jer 51:33) (ii) Minister’s labours ( 1 Cor 9:9-10) • Threshing instruments – Is 41:15; Prov 20:26. Threshing = Separation of grain (useful) from straw (useless) on threshing floor (flat surface). Oxen used to thresh (yoked together and driven round and round to trample grain) – Hos 10:11 (see Deut 25:4 and 1 Cor 9:7-9 , 1 Tim 5:18). What other threshing instruments wee used ? See Isa 28:27-28.

  9. 5. Winnowing Stage IMPRESSIONS of Winnowing – Psalm 1:4 – Judgment on the ungodly (like chaff blowing away). Jer 15:7 – Again it speaks of Judgment. Winnowing fan was used to blow the chaff away as it was thrown into the air by the winnowing fork. Matt 3:12 – Jesus’ end time Judgment. Casting away wicked and saving righteous. With the evening breeze the gathered crushed grain and straw would be gathered into a heap and the farmer used a five pronged fork to throw it into the air. The heavier grain fell back and the straw (chaff) blew away or was collected for firing the stoves.

  10. IMPRESSIONS of sifting… See Luke 22:31 and comment…. Satan ‘sifted’ Peter – hoping Peter’s life would be like the ‘darnel’ (I.e. deceptive, denying Jesus completely). However, Peter proved to be ‘good grain’ eventually – not falling through the spiritual ‘sieve’ to be cast away into hellfire! 6. Sifting The grain is then purified by sifting (vigorous shaking through a sieve). ‘Darnels’ (also ‘tares’ or ‘weeds’) would be removed – it looks identical to wheat until it ripens and gives smaller black grain instead of the good yellow grain. Darnel grain is bitter and makes you sick on eating.

  11. (7) Milling Everyday activity when all was prosperous in the land. Matt 24:41 Impressions of grinding at the mill: Function of the mill = make flour for bread (life to the Jew) To hear the grinding of the mill signified the evidence of God’s blessing (in providing harvest) – see Jer 25:10; Rev 18:22 and comment….Grinding process is used also for Christ’s judgment (Matt 21:44) and may be likened to the process of meditation on God’s Word. The mill was two disc-shaped stones 12-18 inches across. The lower stone had an upright wooden stake passing through the hole in the upper stone which had a handle fit for grinding the barley (for poor) or wheat (or Manna – Num 11:8). The flour would be collected on a cloth. Usually done with a companion (Ex 11:5; Lam 5:13; Jud 16:21). Were heavy and thick hence use in Matt 18:6; Job 41:24 and Jud 9:53. Wasn’t taken in a pledge. Why (Deut 24:6)

  12. IMPRESSIONS of baking bread…. • Grain made into flour - Luke 8:11 – Meditation on Word. • The Furnace – Flour mixed with water and put in the furnace – Testing of the Word. • Bread and breaking the bread – John 6:32-35; 1 Cor 11:23-28 ; Luke 24:35; John 1:14 – Application of the Word. • Unleavened bread – 1 Cor 5:7-8 – Pure Word become flesh in us. • Leaven (or yeast) – 1 Cor 5:1-8; Matt 16:6,12 ; Matt 13:33 – False teaching/doctrine. (8) Baking Bread…

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