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COLONIAL ECONOMIC & SOCIAL TRANSFORMATIONS. Shift from Trade to Rule – Nineteenth Century (Industrial Rev. & “free trade”). 1 . Decline of “Royal” companies a . Spanish galleon trade ends in the 1820s b . The Dutch VOC bankrupt in 1800. c. 1813 British Parliament
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Shift from Trade to Rule – Nineteenth Century (Industrial Rev. & “free trade”)
1. Decline of “Royal” companies a. Spanish galleon trade ends in the 1820s b. The Dutch VOC bankrupt in 1800
c. 1813 British Parliament abolishes East India Company’s trade monopoly
2. Government in service to new business ventures a. tobacco in the Philippines + experiments with coffee, indigo, cotton, etc.
b. Cultivation System in Java – forced agricultural export c. England’s post-1826 attempt to organize Malay peninsula’s interior Sultanates