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Bergey’s Volume 2 – Gram Positive Bacteria of Importance

Bergey’s Volume 2 – Gram Positive Bacteria of Importance. 1) Gram positive spheres: Micrococcus Staphylococcus Streptococcus. Micrococcus. Demos chromogenicity Isolated from human and animal skin, dairy products and beer Breaks down compounds in sweat to produce odors

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Bergey’s Volume 2 – Gram Positive Bacteria of Importance

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  1. Bergey’s Volume 2 – Gram Positive Bacteria of Importance 1) Gram positive spheres: Micrococcus Staphylococcus Streptococcus

  2. Micrococcus • Demos chromogenicity • Isolated from human and animal skin, dairy products and beer • Breaks down compounds in sweat to produce odors • Not typically pathogenic • Can create superficial infections in immuno suppressed

  3. Staphylococcus • Assoc with skin, skin glands, and mucus memb. • High osmotic pressure/low H2O • Readily deposited on fomites • Most important pathogen = S. aureus • Can cause pathogenesis at 3 locations: • Skin • G.I. Tract • Lower respiratory

  4. Staphylococcus and skin infections • Coagulase + SA highly correlated with toxin production • Exfoliative toxin and SSS • Folliculitis --> stye or boil • Also cases of impetigo

  5. Staphylococcus and GI tract • Food intoxication (Staph and Clostridium) • From staph enterotoxin • Staphylococcal food poisoning is acute • In foods containing hi protein • Ham • Poultry • Potatoe and egg salads

  6. Staphylococcus and the respiratory tract Most cases of Staph RTI are nosocomial in origin

  7. Wash hands well and often!!!

  8. Streptococcus • CA of disease variety • Dental caries • Sore throat • Otitis media • Septicemia • Pneumonia • Endocarditis • Arsenal of toxins/enzymes • Hemolysins • Leukocidins • Erythrogenic toxin • Cardiohepatic toxin Cell wall proteins and carbo’s Many diseases caused by Strep A = S. pyogenes

  9. Strep A – S. pyogenes • B-hemolytic • Respiratory -> invasive • Strep throat -> septicemia • Cross-reactivity of Ag’s can cause rheumatic fever (sequela) • Erythrogenic toxin causes red rash of scarlet fever

  10. Strep A – S. pyogenes and skin • “flesh-eating” bacteria • Rapidly destroys tissue and invades • Cellulitis (tissue) • Myositis (muscle) • Necrotizing fasciitis (covering) • STSS = Streptococcal Toxic Shock Syndrome

  11. Typical pneumonia:S. pneumoniae • No toxin related to this disease • Hi fever, chest pain, difficult breathing • Inflamed lungs • Vasodilation • Alveoli fill with RBC’s • Alveoli fill with fluid Vaccine of purified capsule

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