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Hazards of the refueling in rallies

Hazards of the refueling in rallies. By: Jordi Parro (FIA Observer) Enrique Suarez ( Firefighter from the municipality of Ferrol).

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Hazards of the refueling in rallies

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  1. Hazards of the refueling in rallies By: Jordi Parro (FIA Observer) Enrique Suarez ( Firefighter from the municipality of Ferrol)

  2. Introduction:- The refueling is a very dangerous moment during a rally. - In this presentation we’ll give some guidelines to the organizers and to the firefighters in order of having better and safe refueling areas.

  3. Specific targets:- To know the existing risks in a refueling zone.- To organize a good refueling area.- To know the guidelines for action in every case.

  4. Planning the zone:- The zone should be located in a place without spectators, assistances or traffic. Only the rally cars could drive across the refueling zone.- If there are spectators or assistances nearby, the organizer should protect the refueling zone with fences. A double barrier with 2 meters between the fences will be much better than a single barrier. If there is no double fence, at least the cars should be refueled far away from the places where spectators are placed.

  5. Planning the zone:- The zone should be located at a safe distance after the Time Control Exit of Service Park and at a safe distance before the Tyre Marking.- The size of the refueling zone should allow at least 4 cars refueling at the same time. - It will be safer if the cars are refueling in the center of the refueling zone rather than in one of the sides.

  6. Planning the zone: -Avoid maneuvers, so the car will not have to reverse.- There should be numerous large prominently placed warning signs to inform the public about the dangers inherent in the refueling process, warning about the flames, smoking or the use of cellular telephones in / near the zones.- A tarmac or concrete surface is desirable. If not available, an homologated surface should be used to avoid environmental problems. Never organize a refueling on dry grass!

  7. Planning the zone: - The fire truck should be placed outside the refueling zone, but the hoses should be filled and ready to be used, near the refueling operations.- A protection against the sun should be provided for the storage of fuel cans, but it shouldn’t be placed near the refueling operations or near the spectators. Some marshallor firefighter should control this area.

  8. The firefighters should:- Check that anybody of the allowed (marshals, driver, co-driver, or mechanics) have any element who can act as a source of ignition.- Check for gas or vapor to accumulate in manholes, sewers, etc ... if possible, cover them.- Check that the hoses could reach all the points of the refueling zone.

  9. The firefighters should: - Check the amount of foam available (AFFF) and if they have enough water for the worst case. - Have the fire truck with the engine running during the refueling operations to avoid delays in case of fire.

  10. Possible accidents with fuel.Normally, if some incident arises during the refueling, the firefighters will do as follows:- The entrance of more cars to the refueling zone will be forbidden.- Remove all the crews and mechanics from the zone.- If it’s an spill without inflammation, don’t activate any sources of ignition.- Do not allow more refueling until having secured the area.

  11. Possible accidents with fuel.1 - Fuel spill without inflammation.2 - Fuel spill with inflammation.3 - Fire of one or several open cans of fuel.4 - Fire of one or several closed cans of fuel (danger of explosion)5 - Explosion of one can of fuel.

  12. Fuel spill without inflammation. - Usually the quantity of spilled fuel will be low (a fuel can contains 50 liters maximum). - For the smallest spills the firefighters will cover it with sawdust, cement, straw, clay, sand or specific absorbent material. - For more fuel they will use foam (AFFF) to cover it.

  13. Fuel spill with inflammation. - The valid extinguishers are: Foam, Dry Powder BC, Powder ABC and Carbon Dioxide.- The water sprayed will be used only to cool the surfaces exposed to the fire (e.g. other fuel cans).- If portable fire extinguishers are used, the stream should be directed at the base of the flames and in zig-zag

  14. Fire of one or several open fuel cans. - In case of inflammation of an open fuel can, the firefighters should know how much time has been burning. If it has been burning for a moment, they can extinguish it covering it, either with a fire extinguisher, directing the stream to the opening of the can.- If there are other cans or cars near the fire the firefighters should decide if they can remove them or not.

  15. Fire of one or several closed fuel cans. (Danger of explosion)- If one or several fuel cans are affected by a fire, a safety area should be created around them (minimum 50 meters). - They will be cooled by spraying water from a safe distance. Have in mind that they can explode.

  16. Explosion of one or several fuel cans.- If one or several fuel cans explode, the firefighters should extinguish the several focus of fire created by the explosion, check if there are more cans affected, and the reason why they exploded, to avoid more explosions.

  17. Thank you for your attention Thankyouforyourattention

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