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OUTLINE

OUTLINE. Subject : Compare Windows and Linux Operating Systems Hacer ÇONDUR & Yasemin Tuğba TATLIBAL. History of Computer. The ancient of computer is abacus. first electronical computer found by ENIAC. weigth was 30 ton 20.000 vacuum tubes. It was very huge. First personnel computer

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OUTLINE

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  1. OUTLINE Subject : Compare Windows and Linux Operating Systems Hacer ÇONDUR & Yasemin Tuğba TATLIBAL

  2. History of Computer • The ancient of computer is abacus.

  3. first electronical computer • found by ENIAC. • weigth was 30 ton • 20.000 vacuum tubes. • It was very huge.

  4. First personnel computer • created by IBM in 1980. • Small computers was developed by IBM. • This small computers O/S was MS-DOS. • MS-DOS was ancient of the Windows. • Then,computers are developed day by day.

  5. What is the Operating System? • (O/S) is a -computer program -manages the hardware and software -resources of a computer. -controlling and allocating memory -prioritizing system requests -controlling input and output devices, -facilitating networking, and managing files. • (O/S) is the first thing loaded onto the computer. • without the operating system, a computer is useless.

  6. History of Operating System • 1970 Unix • 1984 Apple Macintosh OS • 1990 Windows 3.0 • 1991 Linux • 1995 Windows 95 • 2000 Windows 2000 and Windows XP

  7. The ancient of Windows is MS-DOS. Windows is a software. Versions of the Windows are -Windows 95 -Windows 98 -Windows NT -Windows 2000 -Windows XP(new version The ancient of Linux is UNIX. Linux is a software. Versions of the Linux are -Mandreke Linux -Mandriva Linux -SuSe Linux -Ubuntu Linux -Pardus Linux (made in Turkey ) Windows and Linux Operating System

  8. What is the file system? • method for storing • organizing computer files and the data • to make it easy to find and access them. • storage device such as a hard disk or CD-ROM • Many filesystems found on common operating systems

  9. Windows File Systems • include FAT which is File Allocate Table. • File Allocate Table is a partially -patentedfile system -developed by Microsoft -for MS-DOS and versions of Microsoft Windows. • a cluster is the unit of disk space allocation for files and directories. • Fragmentation is a allocate/separate. • Defragmentation is a deallocate.

  10. Fragmente and Defragmente • The data which is wanted to save with operating system. • Fragmentation is parçalanma. • Example - MyComper/Manage/Disk Rotation/Fragmente or Defragmente…

  11. Defragmentation • defragmentation eliminates fragmentation in file systems • FAT - with a defragmentation utility • NTFS - include a defragmentation utility.. • ext2 uses an offline defragmenter called e2defrag. • ext3 has no defragmentation tool, but can be temporarily downgraded to ext2. • JFS provides the defragfs utility. (IBM operating systems only) • XFS provides an online defragmentation utility • Note: Linux filesystems try to keep defragmentation low as long as you keep 20% empty space.[2

  12. FAT12 -The oldest type of FAT uses -No support for hierarchical directories. -limited directories and root FAT16 -FAT16 is less popular then FAT32 -limited directories and root -15 sectors per track clusters size went down from 2 sectors to just 1. FAT32 -The newest FAT type -no limitation -supported by -Windows95,98,2000 NTFS - New Technology File System - high-performance - Defragmenta(disk birleştirici) is very quickly - Windows 2000, XP, Server 2003 and Vista FAT12,FAT16,FAT32,NTFS

  13. COMPARING FAT 12 ,16,32

  14. NTFS

  15. Platter, Sector, Track, Cluster • Hard Disk has a many platter, read and write head and spindle motor.

  16. Platter is made by glass and ceramic. • They use ceramic • resistance then covers surface • with magnetic films. • Platter save information with sectors and tracks. • Each sector include 256 or 512 bytes. • All sectors occur tracks in the platters. • Clusters are small place which separates components above the hard disk. • Save the files or programs, move these clusters.

  17. Platters

  18. Track and Sector

  19. Converts to NTFS from the FAT32 • Explain -CONVERT disk driver: /FS/NTFS • Example -CONVERT C: /FS/NTFS • Other converts…

  20. What is the Linux file system? • Has a many file system. • Such as -minix (first file system) -ext FS (Extended File System) -ext2 FS (The Second Extended File System) -ext3 FS (Third Extended File System) -ext4 FS (Fourth Extended File System) -JFS ( Journaling File System) -XFS -NSS -NFS -ISO9660

  21. GROUP OF JOURNAL FILE SYSTEM • Some file system include journal system -JFS -GPFS -GFS -Ext3 -ext4 - XFS

  22. JFS (Journaling File System) • High performance and scalability • Journaled • POSIX extended access controls • used by IBM in AIX and OS/2. • feature rich file system ported to Linux • to allow for ease of migration of existing data. • It has been shown excellent performance across a variety of workloads.

  23. JFS

  24. Group of POSIX -ext2 -ext3 -ext4 -GFS -GPFS -JFS -XFS

  25. POSIX • Portable Operating System Interface for UNIX • Suitable for IEEE • What is IEEE ?

  26. Minix • is an open source • based on a microkernel architecture. • Andrew S. Tanenbaumwrote the o\s • to be used for educational purposes; • MINIX also inspired the creation of Linux. • name derives from the words minimal and UNIX. • Today MINIX is not used by people. • filename length limitation to 14 characters • allowed 2 gigabytes of data • filenames of up to 255 characters.

  27. Ext FS (Extanded File System) • first file systemcreated specifically for the Linux operating system. • It was designed by Rémy Card • to overcome certain limitations of the Minix file system. • Powerful and extensible. • Block size is 1024 bytes • a file of 1025 bytes will occupy two 1024 byte blocks. • this means that on average you waste half a block per file.

  28. EXT3

  29. EXT4

  30. NTFS

  31. X Font Server

  32. The Novell Storage Services

  33. Linus Tarvolds && Bill Gates • Linus Torvalds developed. • The ancient of Linux is UNIX. • Bill Gates developed. • The ancient of Windows is MS-DOS.

  34. COMPARE AND OS

  35. COMPARE AND OS

  36. COMPARE AND OS

  37. Suse Linux and Windows XP

  38. Has a monolithic kernel. GNU (GNU’s is Not UNIX) GNU is a operating system. Presented by Novell company Suse’s name came from Software Und System Entwicklung produce by Germany has a hybrid kernel. Is created MS-DOS Presented by Microsoft Corparation Windows’s name came from windows eXPerience Produce by America COMPARE and -kernel is the central component of most computer OS. -managing the system's resources -communication between h/w and s/w components. -Memory ,processors and I/O devices -applications must control to perform their function.

  39. A monolithic kernel a high-level virtual interface over computer hardware implement operating system services such as -process management, concurrency -memory managementin one or more modules Hybrid kernel combining aspects ofmicrokerneland monolithic kernel. example of a hybrid kernel is the NT kernel inside Windows NT, Windows 2000, Windows XP, Windows 2003, and Windows Vista. Monolithic Kernel and Hybrid kernel

  40. LINUX AND WINDOWS Monolithic Kernel Hybrid Kernel

  41. Open source Blogged by programmers Programmers write patch(yama) Linux do not allow to users all rights. Why does virus not enter Linux OS?

  42. http://youtube.com/watch?v=IfH285cN35g (linux kicks windows) • http://youtube.com/watch?v=3yy51hIfIQU (windows errors)

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