Presentation Transcript

1. Chapter 8

   The Jazz Age
2. Warren G. Harding Administration Born in in 1865, began political career in Ohio (rep) Became Senator in 1914 and in 1920 ran for president He promised “return to normalcy” after WWI Was elected but in 1923, when traveling to Alaska became ill and die of a heart attack VP Calvin Coolidge took office Sec 1 The Politics of the 1920s
3. In 1922, Harding’s Sec of the Interior Albert B. Fall Secretly allowed private interest to lease lands containing U.S. navy oil reserves at Teapot Dome (located in Wyoming and California) Fall received bribes from private investors more than $300,000 He became the first cabinet member to go to prison Scandal- Teapot Dome
4. Cooling won the Rep Nomination in 1924 and became president. Supply- Side Economics- lower taxes will boost the economy as business and individuals invest their money, thereby creating higher taxes revenues. Cooling reduced taxes …. For wealthy from 75 to 25 % The fed. budget decreased from $6.4 billions to 3 billions Policies of Prosperity
5. Cooperative individualism- Herbert Hoover, Sec of Commerce (later became president) encouraged manufactures and distributors to from their own organization and volunteer information to the federal government in an effort to stimulate the economy. Isolationism- a national policy of avoiding involvement in world affairs
6. As a result of the Treaty of Versailles, Germany had to make huge cash payments to countries to pay for the war In 1924, Charles D. Dawes negotiated an agreement with France, Britain, and Germany. American banks will make loans to Germany to help it make reparations payments. In exchange, Britain and France would accept less in reparation and pay back more on their war debts to the U.S. Dawes Plan
7. Representatives from 8 main countries met in D.C. to discuss disarmament. Britain, France ,Italy, Japan, Belgium, Netherlands, Portugal, China. Kellogg-Briand Act: The Washington Conference inspired French minister and U.S. Secretary of State. On 8/27/1928, the U.S. and other 14 countries signed the act and agreed to abandon war and to settle all disputes by peaceful means. Washington Conference & Kellogg-Briand Act
8. Facts: Work Hours reduced from 12-8 21 out of 26 families owned a car but did not have bathtubs with running water Henry Ford cut work days from 6 to 5 Mass production increased supply and demand Sec. 2 Growing Economy
9. Ford introduced the assembly line (divided operations into simple tasks) By 1914, Ford was building a car every 93 minutes In 1908 Model T sold for $850… in 1914 sold for $490. In 1914 Ford increased salary to $5 Henry Ford
10. Americans began use more sanitary/cleaning products Electronic items: vacuums, refrigerators, washer, dryers changed society In 1918, the first airmail service was introduced. Congress passed the Kelly Act in which contracted private planes to take their mail. By 1928, 48 airlines were serving 355 American cities. Edwin Armstrong in vented a special circuit to transmit sound… radio began after By 1926 we had CBS, NBC and many talk and radio shows. Credit was established in the 1920; 60% of the car and 75% radios bought on credit Borrowing and paying Consumer Products/ Airline and Radio Industry
11. No all Americans could experience the boom…farmers (high prices in technology) and African Americans Crisis
12. Nativism and immigration policies: Rise in racism and Nativism Sacco-Vanzetti Case KKK – began in the South after the Civil War, used violence to intimidate free African Americans Began to decline after the 1920s Increased Mexican immigration (700,000) Section 3- A Clash of Values
13. Prejudices and fear of the era April 15, 1920- two men robbed and murdered two employees of a shoe factory in Massachusetts Nicola Sacco/ Bartolomeo Vanzetti Newspaper reveled the men were anarchist (people who opposed to all forms of government) July 14,1921 they were found guilty and sentence to death on 8/23/1927 Sacco-Vanzetti
14. Sacco-Vanzetti
15. Right to vote Attended college Took jobs to established financial independence . Fashion: short hair Some became known as “flapper”: smoked cigarettes, drank prohibited liquors,makeup, sleeveless dresses and short skirts. Changes for Women
16. They rejected Charles Darwin theory of evolution in which all life forms had developed from lower forms of life over millions of years. Creationism- the belief that God created the world as described in the Bible. Religion
17. The movement to ban alcohol sales 18th Amendment In he 1920s Americans ignored the law about 540,000 were arrested. Organized crime increases… Al Capone (gangster of the era) bought many police officer, judges, and government officials. 21st amendment override the 18 Prohibition
18. http://www.history.com/topics/roaring-twenties/videos#america-goes-dry-with-prohibition http://www.history.com/topics/roaring-twenties/videos#america-goes-dry-with-prohibition
19. Bohemian lifestyle- allowed artist, musicians, and writers greater freedom of expression. People began attending the movies Baseball and boxing were extremely popular (thanks to motion pictures and radio) College football also became very popular. Scott Fitzgerald- The Great Gatsby Ernest Hemingway- A Farewell to Arms Mass Media- Radio, movies, newspaper …unified the nation!!!!! Section 4 Cultural Innovations
20. Harlem Renaissance http://www.history.com/videos/the-harlem-renaissance-an-artistic-explosion#the-harlem-renaissance-an-artistic-explosion Jazz and Blues- popular in New Orleans Section 5 African Americans and Politics
21. In 1917, about 1,300 were veterans of WWI This made AA enter politics Oscar DePriest was the first AA in Congress NAACP (National Association for Advancement of Colored People) - Battled hard for the discrimination of AA African American and 1920s Politics