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E,C,M

E,C,M. Notes 10. Elements. The simplest form of matter Simple substance One kind of atoms Represented by -One or two letter symbol Building blocks for all other substances ( what things ?). Compounds. Made up of two or more elements chemically combined Represented by chemical formulas

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E,C,M

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  1. E,C,M Notes 10

  2. Elements The simplest form of matter • Simple substance • One kind of atoms • Represented by -One or two letter symbol • Building blocks for all other substances ( what things ?)

  3. Compounds Made up of two or more elements chemically combined • Represented by chemical formulas • Sodium + chlorine  sodium chloride NaCl H2O  H2 + O2 • Always present in the same ratio in a compound

  4. MIXTURES Two or more substances physically combined do not combine in same ratios • can be separated by physical means • constituent substances retain their original properties • (salt & water - salt water)

  5. MIXTURES Homogeneous • uniform composition • called “solutions” • Salt water, alloys, etc. • consist of a single phase • Alloy – mixture of two or more metals Heterogeneous • Not uniform • Sand and salt, oil and vinegar, etc. • consists of two or more phases Any part of a system with uniform composition and properties is called a phase.

  6. There are many ways to separate mixtures, one method is DISTILLATION, where a liquid is boiled to produce vapor that is condensed again into a liquid.

  7. PURE SUBSTANCES • PURE SUBSTANCES ARE Elements or Compounds

  8. Classification of Matter MATTER yes no Can it be physically Separated ? Pure substance mixture yes no Is it uniform? Can it be chemically separated yes no Homogeneous solution Heterogeneous compound element

  9. Pure Substances and Mixtures

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