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Organic Chemistry

Learn about the basics of organic chemistry, including covalent bonds, organic compounds, and the essential biomolecules found in living things. Explore topics such as carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, nucleic acids, and enzymes.

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Organic Chemistry

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  1. Organic Chemistry Review

  2. 4 • One carbon atom can form how many covalent bonds?

  3. Covalent • Organic compounds contain what type of bonds?

  4. Carbon • All living things contain which element?

  5. Carbon and hydrogen • All organic molecules contain which elements?

  6. Matching: • Cellulose • Starch • Glycogen • Polysaccharide • Monosaccharide • Carbohydrate • Macromolecule made up of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen • Polysaccharide made by plants to store energy • Polysaccharide made by animals to store energy • Complex carbohydrate such as starch • Polysaccharide made by plants to give structural support to cell walls • Simple sugar like glucose

  7. carbohydrates • What type of organic compound is produced by plants during photosynthesis?

  8. glycogen • Animal cells store excess energy as what ______?

  9. Polysaccharides • Monosaccharides bond to together to form long chains called _____

  10. Sugars • Similar to starch, cellulose is a complex carbohydrate. What compounds make up cellulose?

  11. Matching • Lipid • Essential fatty acid • Fat • Wax • Saturated • Unsaturated • Steroid • Phospholipid • Component of fats that is necessary for human health but cannot be produced by the body • Type of lipid used mainly as a waterproof covering • Type of lipid used to make hormones • Organic molecule made up of CHO that will not dissolve in water • Type of lipid that is made up of two fatty acids. A glycerol, and a phosphate group • Type of lipid made of three fatty acids and glycerol • Having double bonds between carbon atoms in a fatty acid • Having the maximum number of hydrogens attached to the carbon atoms in a fatty acid

  12. fats • What are the organic molecules used for long-term energy storage called?

  13. 3 fatty acids and a glycerol • What are the parts of a fat molecule?

  14. All single carbon to Carbon bonds & contains the maximum hydrogen atoms • What kinds of bonds are in a saturated fat?

  15. Steroid • What kind of lipid is a cholesterol?

  16. Amino group • Proteins are made of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen. What is the group containing nitrogen called?

  17. Peptide • What is the name of the bond that joins amino acids into polypeptides?

  18. Amino Acids • What are the building blocks of proteins?

  19. Phosphorus • Nucleic acids contain hydrogen, oxygen, carbon, nitrogen, and which other element?

  20. 5 Carbon Sugar, Phosphate Group, and Nitrogen base • What are the parts of a nucleic acid?

  21. Concentration, pH, and temperature • What are the factors that affect enzyme activity?

  22. proteins • Enzymes are what type of macromolecules?

  23. Active site • The area of an enzyme where the substrate fits is called the what?

  24. Lower the activation energy • How do catalysts affect the rate of a chemical reaction?

  25. Substrate • The substance on which each enzyme can work is called the what?

  26. Protein in a hamburger • Which of the following would be considered organic? • Pure filtered water with a pH of 7.0 • The mineral potassium • Protein in a hamburger • Table salt

  27. Amino acids • Proteins are made of building blocks called • Nucleic acids • Monosaccharides • Amino acids • Fatty acids

  28. Carbohydrate • A monosaccharide is a • Carbohydrate • Nucleic acid • Fatty acid • Glycerol

  29. Proteins • Enzymes that act as catalysts are made of what? • Nucleic acids • Glycerols • Nucleotides • Proteins

  30. Nitrogen • What element is found in proteins but not in carbohydrates and fats? • Nitrogen • Carbon • Phosphorus • Oxygen

  31. Carbohydrates • The main source of energy for living things is • Carbohydrates • Nucleic acids • Proteins • Lipids

  32. Store genetic information • Proteins do NOT • Build tissue such as bone and muscles • Help fight disease • Act as catalysts for some reactions • Store genetic information

  33. How fast the reaction occurs • Enzymes affect the reactions in living cells by changing • Which products are produced by the reaction • How fast the reaction occurs • How much heat the reaction requires • The reaction’s optimum pH

  34. Carbohydrates • Which of the following organic molecules have a 1:2:1 ratio of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen? • Carbohydrates • Proteins • Nucleic acids • Lipids

  35. Nucleic Acids • Which of the following makes up DNA and RNA? • Fats • Simple sugars • Nucleic acids • Enzymes

  36. Lipid • Cholesterol is needed to build cell membranes. Cholesterol is an example of a • nucleic acid • Carbohydrate • Lipid • Amino acid

  37. Amino acid • Which organic compound has an amino group and a carboxyl group • Amino acid • Simple sugar • Nucleic acid • Lipid

  38. Proteins • Amino acids form larger molecules called • Nucleic acids • Gylcerols • Fats • Proteins

  39. Mineral • Which of the following is NOT an organic compound? • Mineral • Lipid • Carbohydrate • Protein

  40. Carbon • All organic compounds contain which element? • Carbon • Hydrogen • Oxygen • Nitrogen

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