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Tor-Björn Larsson

Integrated biodiversity measurements for international policy-processes – examples from European forests. Tor-Björn Larsson. ESEE 2011 Conference, Istanbul 14-17 June 2011 . Indicator framework ( e.g . European Environment Agency). P ressure. A threat, e.g. felling, invasive species...

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Tor-Björn Larsson

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  1. Integrated biodiversity measurements for international policy-processes – examples from European forests Tor-Björn Larsson ESEE 2011 Conference, Istanbul 14-17 June 2011

  2. Indicatorframework (e.g. European Environment Agency) Pressure A threat, e.g. felling, invasive species... have effect on forest biodiversity to stop/manage Actions are taken State Integrated Assessment Response + Storyline ESEE 2011 Conference, Istanbul 14-17 June 2011

  3. Indicatorframework (e.g. European Environment Agency) Pressure Response State ESEE 2011 Conference, Istanbul 14-17 June 2011

  4. Indicatorframework Drivers Political, economical Pressure Response Technical, nature State/Impact Costs/benefits ESEE 2011 Conference, Istanbul 14-17 June 2011

  5. Key policy-processes analysed: UN Convention on Biological Diversity 1993/ EU Biodiversity strategy UNECE Convention on Long-range Transboundary Air Pollution 1979 FOREST EUROPE/MCPFE process ESEE 2011 Conference, Istanbul 14-17 June 2011

  6. Key policy-processes analysed: UN Convention on Biological Diversity 1993/ EU Biodiversity strategy UNECE Convention on Long-range Transboundary Air Pollution 1979 FOREST EUROPE/MCPFE process The focus is on forest ecosystems but also some wider aspects, e.g. invasive alien species, covered by the mentioned processes are included. ESEE 2011 Conference, Istanbul 14-17 June 2011

  7. UN Convention on Biological Diversity • General political framework for use and preservation of biodiversity • Definitions and terms (common language) • Little of quantitative reporting (thus little monitoring but capacity building an issue) • Few assessments (loosely connected politically) ESEE 2011 Conference, Istanbul 14-17 June 2011

  8. UN Convention on Biological Diversity • 2010 target of reducing loss of biodiversity ESEE 2011 Conference, Istanbul 14-17 June 2011

  9. 2010 target of halting loss of biodiversity ‘Environment for Europe’ - process HALTING THE LOSS OF BIODIVERSITY BY 2010 — AND BEYOND ESEE 2011 Conference, Istanbul 14-17 June 2011

  10. ECOSYSTEM INTEGRITY, GOODS AND SERVICES • Marine trophic index • Connectivity/fragmentation • Water quality • SUSTAINABLE USE • Sustainable management • Forest • Agriculture • Fishery/Aquaculture • Ecological footprint • STATUS AND TRENDS OF COMPONENTS OF BIOVERSITY • Trends in ecosystems • Coverage of protected areas • Trends in selected species • Threatened/protected species • Genetic diversity • THREATS TO BIODIVERSITY • Nitrogen deposition • Invasive alien species • Impact of climate change Streamlining European 2010 Biodiversity Indicators SEBI2010 Framework: 16 EU Headline biodiversity indicators: ESEE 2011 Conference, Istanbul 14-17 June 2011

  11. SEBI2010: 26 indicators in first set • Abundance and distribution of selected species • Red List Index for European species • Species of European interest • Ecosystem coverage • Habitats of European interest • Livestock genetic diversity • Nationally designated protected areas • Sites designated under the EU Habitats and Birds Directives • Critical load exceedance for nitrogen • Invasive alien species in Europe • Occurrence of temperature-sensitive species • Marine Trophic Index of European seas • Fragmentation of natural and seminatural areas • --- • 25. Financing biodiversity management • 26. Public awareness ESEE 2011 Conference, Istanbul 14-17 June 2011

  12. SEBI2010: 10. Invasive alien species in Europe State: Worst invasive alien species threatening biodiversity in Europe Pressure: Numbers of alien species establishing in Europe since 1900 Response: ‘Under development’ ESEE 2011 Conference, Istanbul 14-17 June 2011

  13. Data collection: Nobanis project (5 -> 13+ countries) ESEE 2011 Conference, Istanbul 14-17 June 2011

  14. State: • List of worst invasive alien species threatening biodiversity in Europe ESEE 2011 Conference, Istanbul 14-17 June 2011

  15. Response • Development of national ias strategies • Costs • Costs of damage by ias • Costs of management actions • EU: Analysis of funding by Life + RTD ESEE 2011 Conference, Istanbul 14-17 June 2011

  16. European forests – ecosystem conditions and sustainable use • Main findings: • Progress 2010 biodiversity target ESEE 2011 Conference, Istanbul 14-17 June 2011

  17. Assessing biodiversity in Europe — the 2010 report • Europe will not halt biodiversity loss by 2010 • Focus on: • Threats to biodiversity across major habitat types • Key biodiversity policy instruments • SEBI indicators fully documented (also separately) ESEE 2011 Conference, Istanbul 14-17 June 2011

  18. Convention on Long-range Transboundary Air Pollution 1979 ICP Forests International Co-operative Programme on Assessment and Monitoring of Air Pollution Effects on Forests 1985 ’Forest death’: 41 countries agreed bio-monitoring Set up a harmonised network of plots Indicators on forest ecosystem condition (detailed manuals with definitions etc). ESEE 2011 Conference, Istanbul 14-17 June 2011

  19. ICP Forests Level I monitoring • Annual overview on forest condition - 16x16 km grid • covering around 6000 plots in Europe. • Crown condition assessments • Defoliation (percentage of leaf or needle loss) • Discolouration • Damages visible on the trees • Foliar chemistry (limited) • Soil structure and chemistry 1990 & 2010 ESEE 2011 Conference, Istanbul 14-17 June 2011

  20. ICP Forests RESULTS: The annual Executive Report is the flagship publication of the programme and summarizes the annual main findings. • Main indicator ’Defoliation’ does not show major change on European level • Succesful reduction of Sulfur emissions • Decrease in political interest • Useful basis for a future European wider forest monitoring program ESEE 2011 Conference, Istanbul 14-17 June 2011

  21. ICP Forests Forest health Forest Status Indicator ESEE 2011 Conference, Istanbul 14-17 June 2011

  22. Ministerial Conferences on theProtection of Forests in Europe FOREST EUROPE develops common strategies for 46 member countries and EU how to protect and sustainably manage forests ESEE 2011 Conference, Istanbul 14-17 June 2011

  23. Ministerial Conferences on theProtection of Forests in Europe FOREST EUROPE develops common strategies for 46 member countries and EU how to protect and sustainably manage forests State of Europe´s Forest 2007, 2011 Based on country reportingaccording to agreed SFM Criteria & Indicators ESEE 2011 Conference, Istanbul 14-17 June 2011

  24. State of Europe´s Forest Reportingstructure: ESEE 2011 Conference, Istanbul 14-17 June 2011

  25. 4. Maintenance, Conservation and Appropriate Enhancement of Biological Diversity in Forest Ecosystems ESEE 2011 Conference, Istanbul 14-17 June 2011

  26. 4. Maintenance, Conservation and Appropriate Enhancement of Biological Diversity in Forest Ecosystems Potentiallyintegrated biodiversity information ESEE 2011 Conference, Istanbul 14-17 June 2011

  27. Potentiallyintegratedbiodiversity information 4.3 Naturalness • Classification of area made when reporting • + Gives a fairly relevant European-level • input to global assessments • Country level: Huge inconsistencies, • partly of political reasons Source EEA 2008 (39 countries) ESEE 2011 Conference, Istanbul 14-17 June 2011

  28. Potentiallyintegratedbiodiversity information 4.5 Deadwood • National Forest Inventories monitor volumes of deadwood • + Thousands of species depend on deadwood • + Volume relevant measure + European Forest Type • + Politically important as an FOREST EUROPE indicator • Reported figures still to be imroved • Research is needed on species requests ESEE 2011 Conference, Istanbul 14-17 June 2011

  29. Potentiallyintegrated biodiversity information 4.7 Landscape pattern • Satelite data collected by one organisation (EU Commission) • + Potentially highly informative • + Consistent information (EU DG JRC) • Relevance uncertain (tests on-going) • Time dynamics very high? ESEE 2011 Conference, Istanbul 14-17 June 2011

  30. Potentiallyintegrated biodiversity information 4.8 Protectedforests + Highly relevant on a global level (10% target) + Excellent harmonisation of a functional protection classification - Not compatible with EU reporting (Habitats directive) ESEE 2011 Conference, Istanbul 14-17 June 2011

  31. Assessing processes - Summary conclusions: ESEE 2011 Conference, Istanbul 14-17 June 2011

  32. Assessing processes - Summary conclusions: ESEE 2011 Conference, Istanbul 14-17 June 2011

  33. Thank You for Your attention! ESEE 2011 Conference, Istanbul 14-17 June 2011

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