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White-Collar Crime

White-Collar Crime. Chapter Twelve. White-Collar Crime. Industrial Revolution – Captains of Industry: Andrew Carnegie (Steel) J.P. Morgan (Banking) John D. Rockefeller (Oil) Cornelius Vanderbilt (Railroads) Muckrakers - Robber Barons, Criminaloids.

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White-Collar Crime

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  1. White-Collar Crime Chapter Twelve

  2. White-Collar Crime • Industrial Revolution – • Captains of Industry: • Andrew Carnegie (Steel) • J.P. Morgan (Banking) • John D. Rockefeller (Oil) • Cornelius Vanderbilt (Railroads) • Muckrakers - Robber Barons, Criminaloids

  3. White-Collar Crime • Edwin Sutherland – 1940’s coined the term “White-Collar Crime.” • “…a crime committed by a person of respectability and high social status in the course of his occupation.” • “…respectability and high social status” • “…course of his occupation”

  4. White-Collar Crime • White-Collar Crime – (Siegel) • …illegal acts that capitalize on a person’s status in the marketplace. • Illicit Entrepreneurship – • Difference between White-collar crime and Organized Crime?

  5. Illicit Entrepreneurship • White-Collar Crime- • …illegalactivities of people/institutions whose acknowledged purpose is profit throughlegitimate business transactions • Organized Crime – • …illegalactivities of people/organization whose acknowledged purpose is profit through illegitimate business enterprise.

  6. White-Collar Crime • Other Terms for White-Collar Crime • Elite Deviance • Respectable Crime • Upperworld Crime • Types – Clinard & Quinney • Occupational • Corporate

  7. White-Collar Crime • Clinard & Quinney – Types of WCC • Occupational Crime – • “…is committed by individuals in the course of their occupation for personal gain.” • Corporate Crime – • “…crime committed by corporations.”

  8. Occupational Crime • Law Breaking for Personal Gain – • Employee Theft – • Pilferage • Embezzling • Fraud – (Professions) • Physicians – Health care, improper billing, Medicaid Fraud, unnecessary surgery.

  9. Occupational Crime • Fraud – (Professions) Cont’d • Lawyers – • Billing clients for more time--- (Local examples) • Computer Crime -

  10. Corporate Crime Organizational Criminality • Corporate Financial Crime – • Price Fixing, Price Gouging • False Advertising • Corporate Fraud – Antitrust violations

  11. Corporate Crime Organizational Criminality • Corporate Violence- • Workers and Unsafe Workplaces • Consumers and Unsafe Products • Automobile Industry • Pharmaceutical Industry • Food Industry • Public and Environmental Pollution

  12. Components of White-Collar Crime • Other divisions of White-Collar criminality – Herbert Edelhertz • Ad-hoc violations – Committed episodically for personal gain.(Welfare fraud, tax cheating) • Abuses of trust – Committed by a person in a place of trust in an organization against the organization. (Embezzlement, bribery,taking kickbacks)

  13. Components of White-Collar Crime • Collateral Business Crimes-Committed by organizations to further their business interests. (Antitrust violations, use of false weights/measures,concealment of environmental crimes) • Con Games – Committed for the sole purpose of cheating clients. (Fraudulent land sales, sales of bogus securities, sales of questionable tax shelters)

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