Biomes of the World

1. Biomes of the World

2. What are biomes? * A biome is an area that has the same climate (weather) and the same organisms that live there. * Biomes help scientists describe the world. * There are ____ land biomes and ___ water biomes 6 2

3. Land Biomes *Tundra *Coniferous Forest *Deciduous Forest *Tropical Rain Forest *Grassland *Desert

4. Tundra • Where is the tundra? • Around the North Pole and near the Arctic Ocean • Climate (weather) • Very cold and dry • Temperature: less than -5°C • Only has 25 centimeters or less of rain every year • What the land looks like • Permafrost: the dirt that is always frozen (even in the spring and summer) • Flat land with only a few small, thin trees

5. Plants and Animals of the Tundra • Plants • Fungi and algae • They cover the rocks and ground • Animals caribou duck lemming musk ox wolf sandy hill crane polar bear marmot snowy owl ermine

6. Tundra

7. Views of the Tundra

8. Coniferous or Taiga Forest • Climate • Cold and snowy • What the land looks like • In the winter: • Ground is frozen • In the spring: • Taiga: swampy forest • Snow melts and the ground becomes wet and swampy because the deeper ground is frozen

9. Where are coniferous forests? Alaska Canada Europe Asia In Canada, Alaska, northern Asia, and northern Europe

10. Plants of the Coniferous Forest • Conifer trees (have cones) • Have needles covered with wax • Wax protects the needles from freezing cone needles Kinds of conifer trees pine spruce fir

11. Moose Beaver Wolf Black bear Wolverine Red Squirrel Hawk Owl Lynx Animals of the Coniferous Forest Snowshoe Rabbit

12. Coniferous Forest

13. Winter in the Coniferous Forest

14. Deciduous Forest • Climate • Summers are warm • Winters are cold • Gets 75 centimeters of rain every year (that’s over 2 feet of rain!) • What is special about deciduous trees? • The leaves change colors and fall off the trees in autumn and grow new leaves in the spring • The leaves on the ground make the dirt better and help plants grow.

15. Where Are Deciduous Forests? Deciduous forests are between northeastern United States and Canada. Some are in the eastern United States. Others grow in Europe and eastern Asia.

16. Plants of the Deciduous Forest * Trees * Flowers * Oak * Hickory * Lily of the valley * Maple * Beech * Star Flower

17. Animals of the Deciduous Forest Eagle Brown Bear Black Bear Chipmunk Raccoon Porcupine Red Fox White-tailed Deer Mouse Coyote

18. The Deciduous Forest

19. Tropical Rain Forest How much rain is that? • Climate • Rains almost everyday • Gets almost 10 feet of rain every year. • Very hot all year long Rainforest

20. Where are Tropical Rain Forests? The largest tropical rainforest is in South America. It is called the Amazon rain forest. They are also found in central Africa, Central America, Southeast Asia, Hawaii, and a small area of Australia.

21. Layers of the Rainforest Emergent Layer Canopy Layer Understory Layer Forest Floor

22. Plants of the Rain Forest Orchid Banana Vanilla Coffee Fern Cacao (chocolate)

23. Birds of the Rain Forest Blue Parrot Cassowary Blue-Gold Macaw Cockatoo Yellow-eared Parrot Rhino Hornbill Scarlet Macaw Toucan

24. Bugs, Snakes, and Frogs of the Rain Forest Katydid Posion Dart Frogs Preying Mantis Python Red-Eyed Tree Frog Scorpion Walking Stick Zebra Butterfly Ulysses Butterfly

25. Animals of the Rain Forest Flying Squirrel Benegal Tiger Capybara Chimpanzee Leopard Spider Monkey Gorilla Lemur Tapir Mandrill Jaguar Olive Baboon

26. Views from the Rain Forest

27. Rain Forest

28. Water Within the Rain Forest

29. Wow! What a sight!

30. Grasslands • There are _____ kinds of grasslands. two • Temperate grasslands: called prairies • Tropical grasslands: called savannas • Climate • All grasslands get between 25 and 75 centimeters of rain every year. Coniferous forest

31. Where are grasslands? Savannas Temperate Grasslands The largest grassland is in Africa. There are also grasslands in North America, South America, central Asia, and northern Australia.

32. Temperate Grasslands (Prairie) • Some are found in the United States • Land is usually flat • Not a lot of trees grass • The most important plant is __________.

33. Tropical Grasslands (Savanna) • Largest savannas are found in Africa • There are only a few trees on the savanna • Why don’t a lot of trees grow? • Savanna does not get a lot of rain • People set the grass on fire to stop trees from growing • Animals eat the trees before they can start growing tall

34. Plants of the Savanna • Grass • Can live without a lot of rain • Acacia tree • Baobab tree

35. Black Rhinoceros Cheetah Wild Dog African elephant Giraffe Animals of the Savanna Zebra Ostrich Hippopotamus Hyena Warthog Lions

36. Savanna Scenes

37. Desert two There are __________ kinds of deserts. • Hot deserts and cold deserts cold desert hot desert Sahara Desert Gobi Desert

38. Where are deserts? In Africa, western North America, western Asia, central Australia, and western South America.

39. Hot Deserts * Climate * gets less than 25 centimeters of rain every year * hot during the day and cool at night Cold Deserts * Climate * gets less than 25 centimeters of rain every year * cold all of the time

40. Plants of the Deserts * can live there because the roots are close to the top of the ground and can get the water quickly. Cactus Aloe Barrel Cactus Prickly Pear Cactus

41. Black-collared lizard snakes camel Animals of the Desert desert iguana roadrunner jackrabbit

42. Desert Scenes

43. More Desert Scenes

44. Water Biomes *Marine *Freshwater

45. The Marine Biome ocean * The marine biome is the _________________ biome. * covers about 70% of the Earth * has salt water * Organisms that live in the ocean are able to live in the salt water. * sunlight, water pressure, and water movement affect the organisms too • because of these things, the ocean is divided into different areas • different organisms live in each area * The water that is very deep has cold temperatures, high pressures, and is very dark

46. Marine Plant Life • Many of the plants live near the top of the water • they need the sunlight to help them grow and make food barnacles coral

47. Marine Animal Life • Most marine organisms live near the top of the water or close to land • Many animals dig down into the sand or hang on to rocks, so they do not get lost in the sea • Other larger animals live where the water is deep barracuda star fish clown fish crab flashlight fish green sea turtle killer whale shrimp

48. The Freshwater Biome salt * Freshwater means it does not have _______________ in it * Includes still water and moving water * Examples of still water * Examples of moving water * lakes and ponds * rivers and streams

49. Freshwater Plant Life * Many of the plants that live in freshwater have strong roots to keep them in one place. * Some plants grow around the edge of the lake or float on the top of the water cattail water lily

50. Freshwater Animal Life carp trout bass bull frog mallards