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Squawks, Squeaks, & Things That Go Bump in the Flight. Tailwinds Flying Club Spring Safety Session – 2010. FAA Special Airworthiness Information Bulletin. SAIB CE-10-11: Potential hazard when resetting an opened circuit breaker. Essential and Non-Essential Equipment.
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Squawks, Squeaks, & Things That Go Bump in the Flight Tailwinds Flying Club Spring Safety Session – 2010
FAA Special Airworthiness Information Bulletin SAIB CE-10-11: • Potential hazard when resetting an opened circuit breaker
Essential and Non-Essential Equipment A 10 cent fuse will protect itself by destroying the $2,000 radio to which it is attached. — Robert Livingston, 'Flying The Aeronca.‘
Essential and Non-Essential Equipment Archer II – Circuit Breakers
Essential and Non-Essential Equipment Archer II – Circuit Breakers
Essential and Non-Essential Equipment Arrow – Circuit Breakers
Essential and Non-Essential Equipment Arrow – Circuit Breakers
Essential and Non-Essential Equipment Six – Circuit Breakers
Essential and Non-Essential Equipment Six – Circuit Breakers
Electrical Malfunctions What do you do when the juice stops flowing? Immediate action items: • Reset alternator by turning circuit breaker(s) off, then on again. • If problem persists, turn alternator off. • Electrical fire: turn off battery and alternator; extinguish fire; vent cabin, then close vents; land ASAP • If electrical power is needed and system voltage is restored, attempt to identify faulty component(s), then land as soon as practical.
Electrical Malfunctions Alternator out • Minus indication on ammeter gauge. • “Alt” annunciator. Runaway alternator • Too much voltage – extra current will fry components in use. Popped circuit breakers • Try pushing the breaker back in – pops again – leave it popped. • (FAA Special Airworthiness Information Bulletin CE-10-11)
Electrical Malfunctions Electrical Fire • POH for tailored, specific advice for handling an electrical fire. • Turn off the battery and alternator switches, turn off all radios, and other electrical components. • Use fire extinguisher (you know where it is in the plane, right?) • Vent the cabin after using the fire extinguisher and determining the fire is out. • Land as soon as practicable.
Electrical Malfunctions VFR • Complete electrical failure in VFR weather conditions not as problematic • Land at the nearest uncontrolled airport (you’ve still got your handheld GPS aboard, right?) • Land at a controlled airport (what are those light gun signals again?) • Night landing a bit more problematic • No lights, no radios to control airport lighting, other airplanes won’t see you. (hand held transceiver?)
Electrical Malfunctions IFR • Complete electrical failure in instrument meteorological conditions, not good. • One last call to ATC before powering down • Announce your having electrical problems • Declare an emergency • Ask for vectors to the nearest suitable airport • Continue flight using single radio on battery power • Leave transponder on – controllers can issue heading / altitude information • Night in IMC (You do have flashlights aboard, don’t you?)
Electrical Malfunctions Battery Considerations • Conserve battery power as much as possible • Ability to send critical messages • Listen to controllers • Leave transponder on for ATC monitoring • May need Pitot heat when freezing OAT • Re-tractable-gear • Biggest electrical loads generated by; voice transmissions, heating elements, transponders, and DME • Transient loads from landing gear • Battery will last for 45 minutes after alternator quits – don’t count on it!
Required Equipment FAR 91.205 Powered civil aircraft with standard category U.S. airworthiness certificates: Instrument and equipment requirements. VFR flight during the day: (TOMATO FLAME) • Tachometer (each engine) • Oil pressure gauge • Magnetic direction indicator • Airspeed indicator • Temperature gauge • Oil temperature gauge • Fuel gauge (quantity each tank) • Landing gear position indicator • Altimeter • Manifold pressure • ELT
Required Equipment VFR flight - Night Instruments and equipment specified for VFR flight during the day and: • Approved position lights? • An approved anti-collision light system? • An alternate source of electrical energy? • Landing light? • Yes • Yes • Yes • No
Required Equipment IFR Flight Instruments and equipment specified for VFR flight during the day and for night flight plus: • Two-way radio & navigational equipment appropriate to the ground facilities being used. • Gyroscopic rate-of-turn indicator. • Slip-skid indicator • Sensitive altimeter adjustable for barometric pressure • Clock • Alternator • Gyroscopic pitch and bank indicator. • Gyroscopic direction indicator
Last but not least! AOPA – Air Safety Foundation’s “Flight Risk Evaluator” online @ www.asf.org
Thanks! Questions?