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The nervous system

The nervous system. From the perspective of contemporary psychology. A survey of the nervous system. Within the broad heading of the Nervous System we find many component systems and subdivisions The first are:

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The nervous system

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  1. The nervous system From the perspective of contemporary psychology

  2. A survey of the nervous system • Within the broad heading of the NervousSystem we find many component systems and subdivisions • The first are: a) The Central Nervous System – the brain and the spinal cord, and b) The Peripheral Nervous System – bundles of axons connecting the spinal cord and the rest of the body.

  3. The spinal cord • A rope of neural tissue that runs inside the hollows of the vertebrae from just above the pelvis into the base of the skull • Connected to both sensory ( pain, touch, and pleasure)and motor ( contract and relax muscles)neurons • Facilitates reflexes - rapid, involuntary responses to stimulus

  4. the peripheral nervous system Divides into : a) the Somatic Nervous System – nerves which communicate with the skin and muscles and b) the Autonomic Nervous System – nerves which control the involuntary muscles, internal organs (heart, lungs, stomach, etc.) and glands

  5. The autonomic nervous system Two divisions: 1) Sympathetic – prepares your body for action, fight or flight blood flows to muscles epinephrine increases heart rate lungs pull in more oxygen sweat forms for cooling

  6. 2) Parasympathetic – returns your body to its resting state, conserves energy heart rate slows epinephrine cut off lungs relax stomach resumes digestion

  7. The endocrine system • A set of glands that produce and release hormones • These hormones influence thoughts, behaviors and actions • Transmitted through the blood • Have a global effect as compared to the local effect of neurotransmitters • Include the hypothalamus and pituitary

  8. Hormones of note • Melatonin – aids sleep, from pineal gland • Oxytocin – the cuddle hormone, from pituitary gland • Cortisol, Epinephrine, etc.– arousing, from adrenal glands • Sex hormones (Testosterone, Estrogen, etc. – differentiate the sexes (and much more), mostly from the gonads

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