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Operating an Intelligent Building

Intelligent and Integrated Buildings Conference Toronto, Ontario, Dec. 2-3, 2002. Operating an Intelligent Building . Meli Stylianou. Outline. Building operation and Kyoto Intelligence ? How can intelligence help in operating buildings?

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Operating an Intelligent Building

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  1. Intelligent and Integrated Buildings Conference Toronto, Ontario, Dec. 2-3, 2002 Operating an Intelligent Building Meli Stylianou

  2. Outline • Building operation and Kyoto • Intelligence ? • How can intelligence help in operating buildings? • Do we have everything we need to intelligently operate buildings? • Is building operation such a big deal? • Intelligent building operation • Conclusions

  3. Building operation and Kyoto • Commercial sector • 430,000 commercial and institutional buildings and thousands more being built each year. • 13% of secondary energy (1,015 PJ) • 12.5% of GHG emissions (54 Mt eq. CO2) • Ineffective Operation • 15%-30% energy waste • How can intelligent buildings improve operation?

  4. Intelligence ? “The ability to learn or understand or to deal with new or trying situations: REASON;” Webster’s dictionary

  5. How can intelligence help in building operation? • Continuously optimize operations • Modulate set points to respond to changing requirements • Continuous commissioning • Detect and diagnose faults • Air handling units, chillers, boilers… • Schedule maintenance • Scheduled need it or not • Analyze cost/benefit then schedule

  6. Do we have everything we need to intelligently operate buildings? • Today’s systems: • Have limited or no learning/reasoning capabilities • Depend on operators – who more often than not lack the expertise and/or time to ensure optimal operation • Are reactive – symptoms force action: complaints of indoor environment/ high energy costs/high maintenance costs • Technology is available • Buildings are already monitored as never before • Computational capabilities of today’s systems can do much more than they are asked to • Artificial intelligence techniques are no longer at the experimental stage and in fact are used in many industries

  7. Is building operation such a big deal…? • Two identical buildings • EESB • ETB –Low-E windows; T-8 lighting system; energy efficient HVAC system; LED exit lights • Complaints skyrocketed • ETB – 32% more energy consumed • Correction of problems: manual setting; simultaneous heating and cooling • Result:comfort related complaints dropped; energy consumption reduced

  8. But how can this be true…? 13°C 13°C 24°C 11°C 14°C 18°C 15°C 15°C Space maintained at 23°C (Modified from:Diagnostics and Commissioning, Karl Stum, PECI)

  9. Can intelligence be used in today’s control systems? • Diagnostic Agent for Building Operators (DABO) Existing Control System BEMS Building Energy Agent DDE/ODBC/OCX Fault Detection & Diagnostic Agent Database Diagnostic Agent for Building Operators DDE/ODBC/OCX Commissioning Agent Condition-Based Maintenance Agent Artificial Intelligence Tools

  10. CETC-Varennes, Qc Delta Controls, Surrey, BC CFF, Laval, Qc Dorval Airport, Montreal, Qc Fault detection and diagnosis applications

  11. VAV Box Report Screen

  12. …but does it work?

  13. Intelligent building operation • Sensing • Wireless sensing can reduce the life cycle cost of monitoring building systems • Interoperability • Facilitate the development of tools linking the operation and maintenance requirements of building systems • Computational capabilities • Enable the optimisation and timely detection of faulty operation and limit impact on energy costs and occupant well being • Artificial intelligence techniques • Leverage the hardware capabilities of building control systems and provide the information necessary to optimise the operation of the building

  14. Conclusions • Barrier: Building owner and operator awareness • The market pull is not there …yet • Data is available • Hardware is available • Intelligence is vital in operating buildings • Reduce operating costs • Improve indoor environmental conditions – proactively not reactively • Improve occupant satisfaction and productivity • Elimination of occupant complaints… not a dream…

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