1 / 10

Genetics

Genetics. Basic rules…. Lots of info is being researched by the Human Genome Project…. Genetics ~ the study of traits or genes that are passed from parent to offspring Each parent gives 1 gene to the child for a total of 2 genes per trait Ex: hair color: B from mom + B from dad

finn
Download Presentation

Genetics

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Genetics Basic rules… Lots of info is being researched by the Human Genome Project….

  2. Genetics ~ the study of traits or genes that are passed from parent to offspring • Each parent gives 1 gene to the child for a total of 2 genes per trait Ex: hair color: B from mom + B from dad BB for child Blood type: A from mom + B from dad AB for child

  3. http://www.ornl.gov/sci/techresources/Human_Genome/posters/chromosome/chooser.shtmlhttp://www.ornl.gov/sci/techresources/Human_Genome/posters/chromosome/chooser.shtml

  4. Dominant ~ the gene that “shows up”, or takes over (dominates) • Recessive ~ the gene that does not “show up”, or is hidden. Unless there are 2 of them together. Ex: eye color Dominant: Brown (B) BB - brown Recessive: Blue (b) bb - blue Bb - brown http://faculty.southwest.tn.edu/jiwilliams/Human_Traits.htm

  5. Genotype: genetic make up of a trait; gene pair (2 letters that represent genes) • You receive 1 gene from each parent for a total of two genes per trait Ex: AA Bb tt

  6. Phenotype: physical appearance, as a result of the gene pair (genotype) Ex: type A blood Brown hair Type B blood blue eyes

  7. Genotypes vocabulary: • Heterozygous – a gene pair with two different genes; one dominant and one recessive Ex: Aa, Rr, Bb, Pp • Hybrid – a synonym for heterozygous Ex: Aa, Rr, Bb, Pp • Homozygous – a gene pair with two of the same genes; either 2 recessives, or 2 dominants Ex: aa, AA, RR, rr • Pure – a synonym for homozygous Ex: aa, AA, RR, rr • Writing a key: for each genetics problem, start by writing the key for the traits. You ALWAYS use the letter of the dominant trait for both dominant and recessives. Ex: Trait: Yellow – dominant key: Y – yellow Green – recessive y- green

  8. Punnett Square ~ a tool used to determine probability of offspring traits 1. Put mom’s 2 genes in the spaces on top of the square (1 gene over each square) 2. Put dad’s 2 genes in the spaces along the side of the square (1 gene next to each square) 3. Bring down the genes in mom’s column 1 to both squares underneath, then column 2 to both squares underneath 4. Bring over the genes in dad’s column 1 to both squares next to it, then column 2 to both squares next to it.

  9. Punnett Square practice B – black fur (dominate) b – brown fur (recessive) B B

  10. Mom’s genotype: BB phenotype: black Dad’s Genotype: Bb phenotype: black Possible offspring: Genotype: Phenotype: _BB____ % __50_____ black___ % ___100_____ __Bb___ % __50 ___ brown___ % ____0____ __bb___ % ___0____

More Related