English

1. English

2. Present Tense • A. Ann takes a shower every day. • B. I usually eat lunch at the cafe. • C. Babies cry. • D. The earth revolves around the sun. • E. A square has four equal sides.

3. The Simple Present Tense expresses daily habits or usual activities, as in (a) and (b). • The Simple Present Tenses expresses general statements of facts, as in (c) and (d). In sum, the Simple Present is used for events or situations that exist always, usually, or habitually in the past, present and future.

4. How do we make the Simple Present Tense? Subject + auxiliary verb + main verb do base There are three important exceptions: • For positive sentences, we do not normally use the auxiliary. • For the 3rd person singular (he, she, it), we add s to the main verb or es to the auxiliary. • For the verb to be, we do not use an auxiliary, even for questions and negatives.

5. Examples

6. How do we use the Simple Present Tense? We use the simple present tense when: • the action is general • the action happens all the time, or habitually, in the past, present and future • the action is not only happening now • the statement is always true

7. Look at these examples: • I live in New York. • The Moon goes round the Earth. • John drives a taxi. • He does not drive a bus. • We meet every Thursday. • We do not work at night. • Do you play football?

8. Present Progressive Tense • Ann can’t come to the phone right now because she is taking a shower. • It’s noon. I am eating lunch at the cafetaria right now. • Jimmy and Susie are babies. They are crying. I can hear them right now. May be they are hungry.

9. The Present Progressive expresses an activity that is in progress (is occurring, is happening) right now. The event is in progress at the time the speaker is saying the sentence. The event began in the past, is in progress now and will probably continue into the future.

10. How do we make the Present Continuous Tense? The structure of the present continuous tense subject + auxiliary verb + main verb     be   base + ing

12. We use the present continuous tense to talk about: • action happening now • action in the future

13. a) for action happening exactly now I am eating my lunch. b) for action happening around now John is going out with Mary.

14. We only use the present continuous tense to talk about the future when we have planned to do something before we speak. We have already made a decision and a plan before speaking. • We're eating in a restaurant tonight. We've already booked the table.. • They can play tennis with you tomorrow. They're not working. • When are you starting your new job?

15. The structure of the present perfect tense is: • subject + auxiliary verb + main verb     have   past participle

17. There are basically three uses for the present perfect tense: • experience • change • continuing situation

18. We often use the present perfect tense to talk about experience from the past. We are not interested in when you did something. We only want to know if you did it: • I have seen ET. • He has lived in Bangkok. • Have you been there? • We have never eaten caviar.

19. We also use the present perfect tense to talk about a change or new information: • I have bought a car. • John has broken his leg. • The police have arrested the killer.

20. We often use the present perfect tense to talk about a continuing situation. This is a state that started in the past and continues in the present (and will probably continue into the future). This is a state (not an action). We usually use for or since with this structure. • I have worked here since June. • He has been ill for 2 days. • How long have you known Tara?

21. Past Tense Mary walked downtown yesterday. I slept for eight hours last night. Bob stayed home yesterday morning. Our plane arrived on time. I ate breakfast this morning.

22. The Simple Past Tense is used to talk about activities or situations that began and ended in the past (e.g. yesterday, last night, two days ago, in 1990).

23. Past Tense • Past tense indicates an action that occurred in the past: • We wanted to see the show. • The little girl blew a bubble.

24. Most simple past verbs are formed by adding –ed to a verb. • Some verbs have irregular past forms.

29. Future Tense • I am going to leave at nine tomorrow morning. • I will leave at nine tomorrow morning. • Marie is going to be at the meeting tonight. • Marie will be at the meeting tonight.

30. Passenger 'cuffed, searched over appearance' in US A woman says she was taken off an airplane in handcuffs, strip-searched and interrogated by authorities in Michigan on the 10th anniversary of the Sept. 11 attacks "simply because" of her appearance. • ShoshanaHebshi said Tuesday she was one of three people escorted off a plane in handcuffs from a Denver-to-Detroit Frontier Airlines flight. The 35-year-old mother from Ohio says they didn't know each other but were in the same row. • Hebshi says the men were Indian and describes herself as half-Arab, half-Jewish, with dark complexion. • Two fighter jets escorted the plane after its crew reported suspicious activity.