Human Trafficking from Latin America and the Caribbean to Western Europe -- Victim Estimates

1. Monday, October 25, 2004 IOM Conference Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic Human Trafficking from Latin America and the Caribbean to Western Europe -- Victim Estimates

2. Organization of American StatesOrganización de los Estados Americanos

3. user oas: OAS Anti-TIP Coordinator Priorities 1. Foster National Action by Governments 2. Advance Effective Best Practices 3. Help Implement OAS Projects and Training 4. Improve Cooperation with Governments outside the Western Hemisphere

4. user oas: Survey of Information on Latin American and Caribbean TIP Victims in certain European countries: Switzerland Austria Germany The Netherlands Italy France

5. user oas: Switzerland Swiss Government TIP Data: Victims Accused Traffickers 1997 71 81 1998 69 119 1999 88 138 2000 75 105

6. user oas: Switzerland Swiss NGO Data on Latin American Victims: 21 victims (26% of its victims were from Latin America) NGO and press reports indicate a strong presence form Brazil, Colombia and Dominican Republic

7. user oas: Switzerland

8. user oas: Switzerland Swiss Government’s Estimates of TIP Victims: The 2002 Swiss Federal Report on crime estimates that 1,500 to 3,000 illegal foreign prostitutes could be victims of TIP. The 2001 estimate was 2,200 to 3,700.

9. user oas: Switzerland Persons Vulnerable to TIP: Police estimate 14,000 Women in Prostitution NGO Estimated Number of Foreign Women in Prostitution: 2,000 - 4,000 Estimated Number of Latin Women in Prostitution: 500 - 2,000 (Note: No clear data on Forced Labor)

10. user oas: Switzerland Legal Residents from Latin America Brazilians -- 10,272 (7,465 women, 73%) Colombians -- 3,610 (2,336 women, 65%) Dominicans -- 5,257 (3,705 women, 70%) Latin American and Caribbean Totals: 36,587 (23,438 women, 64%)

11. user oas: Switzerland Swiss Government Issues “Artist” Visas: 1,800 women had artist visas (year 2001) Brazilians (115) and Dominicans (212) were among the leading holders of these visas

12. user oas: Austria Austrian Government Data on TIP Victims and Traffickers: 2003 -- 236 (233 women) victims identified 2003 -- 214 Traffickers arrested 2002 -- 168 Traffickers arrested

13. user oas: Austria Austrian NGO TIP Data related to the LAC Region: 2003 -- assisted 415 women, many from DR, Venezuela, Chile 2002 -- assisted 208 women 2001 -- assisted 183 women

14. user oas: Austria Persons Vulnerable to TIP: Estimated Number of Foreign Women in Prostitution: 5,000 to 17,000 Estimated Number of Latin American or Caribbean Women in Prostitution: 500 to 2,000 (Note: No data on Forced Labor)

15. user oas: Austria Austrian Government Issues “Artist” Visas In 2002, the government issued 919 artist visas. It is unknown how many were issued to LAC nationals.

16. user oas: Austria Legal Migration Data: 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 DR 148 120 134 108 191 259 Brazil 219 250 273 305 321 345 Colombia 51 78 65 107 102 98

17. user oas: Austria Official Legal residents: Brazil -- 1,409 Dominican Republic -- 1,293

18. user oas: Germany German Government TIP Data related to the LAC Region: 2000 -- 16 victims (5 traffickers) 2001 -- 24 victims (3 traffickers) 2002 -- 11 victims (4 traffickers) 2003 -- 16 victims (5 traffickers)

19. user oas: Germany German NGOs TIP Data related to the LAC Region: In 1999 -- 80 Victims (Official Victims 8) In 2000 -- 80 Victims (Official Victims 16) In 2001 -- 99 Victims (Official Victims 24)

20. user oas: Germany Persons Vulnerable to TIP Estimated Number of Foreign Women in Prostitution: 30,000 - 150,000 Estimated Number of Latin American Women in Prostitution: 3,000 - 15,000 (Note: No clear data on Forced Labor)

21. user oas: Germany

22. user oas: Germany Legal Residents from Latin America: Brazilians -- 25,844 (18,869 women, 73%) Argentines -- 6,543 (3,560 women, 55%) Colombians -- 7,964

23. user oas: The Netherlands Dutch Government TIP Data related to the LAC Region: 1995: 19 victims (12% of total victims) 1996: 5 victims (4%) 1997: 10 victims (6%) 1998: 6 victims (24%) 1999: 11 victims (15%) 2000: 7 victims (2%) 2001: 3 victims (1%)

24. user oas: The Netherlands Dutch Government’s Estimates of TIP Victims: The Bureau of the Dutch National Rapporteur on Human Trafficking estimates that each year 3,500 women become victims of trafficking in the Netherlands.

25. user oas: The Netherlands Residency Status Granted to Foreign TIP Victims from Latin American and Caribbean (1996-2002): 14 Applications (2% of total) 10 Granted ( 2% of total) • At least 30 Latin Americans labor TIP victims are being rehabilitated in an NGO

26. user oas: The Netherlands Persons Vulnerable to TIP: NGO Estimated Number of Foreign Women in Prostitution: 13,000 - 20,000 Estimated Number of Latin and Caribbean Women in Prostitution: 1,300 - 2,000

27. user oas: Italy Italian Government TIP Data on Victims from Latin America: Colombians: 124 (mainly working as prostitutes on the streets) 2.1% of all victims of year 2001.

28. user oas: Italy Persons Vulnerable to TIP Estimated Number of Foreign Women in Prostitution: 15,000 - 20,000 Estimated Number of Latin American Women in Prostitution: ?? (Note: No clear data on Forced Labor)

29. user oas: Italy Persons Vulnerable to TIP: Repatriations and Denied Entries (Jan. - Oct. 2003): South American 2,265 Ecuador 649 Brazil 573 Colombia 425 Peru 211 Bolivia 158 Venezuela 86

30. user oas: Italy Persons Vulnerable to TIP: Repatriations and Denied Entries (Jan. - Oct. 2003): Caribbean and Central America 274 Dominican Republic 133 Cuba 74 Jamaica 14 Others 53

31. user oas: France French Government TIP Data: 2003: 900 Victims TIP Arrests: 2000: 472 Traffickers 2001: 466 Traffickers 2002: 643 Traffickers 2003: 709 Traffickers

32. user oas: France French Government TIP Data related to the LAC Region (year 2003): 26 Total Victims (21 women; 5 men; 2.2% of all) Brazil 9 Ecuador 6 Colombia 2 Peru 2 Venezuela 3 Argentina 1 Chile 1 Guyana 1 Cuba 1

33. user oas: Conclusions and Observations • Latin Americans and Caribbean constitute a significant minority of TIP victims in Western Europe and with steady migration this is likely to continue. • Most victims come from: • Brazil • Colombia • Dominican Republic • Growing numbers come from Ecuador and Peru. • Many European governments admit a significant number of victims remain unidentified.

34. user oas: Conclusions and Observations • High number of traffickers arrested to victims found. • Complicated residency and employment laws in most European countries mean most LAC women in prostitution are working illegally and vulnerable. • So-called “Artist” visas often create TIP vulnerability.

35. user oas: Conclusions and Observations • European institutions -- the EU, the OSCE and national governments -- are focused mainly on TIP from Eastern European source countries. • The LAC region needs to work with the Europeans to improve anti-TIP information exchange and find more opportunities for partnership.

36. user oas: Thank you for your attention.