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“ The War to End All Wars ” or “ The Great War ”

World War I: 1914-1918. “ The War to End All Wars ” or “ The Great War ”. WWI Artifacts. Examine the artifact on your table. Be CAREFUL--it is fragile! Discuss the artifact at your table. Make predictions: what was it used for? What can it tell you about WWI?

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“ The War to End All Wars ” or “ The Great War ”

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  1. World War I: 1914-1918 “ The War to End All Wars” or “The Great War”

  2. WWI Artifacts • Examine the artifact on your table. Be CAREFUL--it is fragile! • Discuss the artifact at your table. Make predictions: what was it used for? What can it tell you about WWI? • Share predictions with class!

  3. The Basics • 30 nations • 15 million died; cost = $350 billion • Allies: France, Great Britain, Russia, U.S. • Central Powers: Germany, Austria-Hungary, Ottoman Empire

  4. Causes of WWI • Nationalism: belief that a specific nation, language, or culture is superior to all others Hapsburg Empire (Austria-Hungary) British Flag Russian Flag 1914

  5. Serbia and Russia largely Slavic; encouraged Slavs in Austria-Hungary to break free and create an independent Slavic state

  6. White Board Time! • Explain nationalism in your own words. • How might nationalism lead to war?

  7. Imperialism: competition for colonies & influence Colonization in Asia “Race” to Colonize Africa

  8. Alliances: nations signed treaties to help each other

  9. Militarism (Arms Race): nations build up armed forces and weapons “Eight before it’s too late!” “We want eight and we won’t wait!” HMS Dreadnought,1906

  10. White Board Time! • Of the four causes of WWI, which one do you think played the biggest role in starting the war? • Choose one and write it down.

  11. June 28,1914: Assassination • Archduke Ferdinand of Austria-Hungary killed by Serbian nationalist, Gavrilo Princip

  12. 1914: World War I begins! • July 28: Austria-Hungary declared war on Serbia • began a chain reaction of the alliance system

  13. The Early Western Front • German Schlieffen Plan: attack France 1st, then Russia • Battle of the Marne: stops German advance • Western Front Stalemate: neither side can win a clear victory for 3 yrs.

  14. White Board Time! • Close your notebook. • On your whiteboard, write as much as you can remember about the causes of WWI. Why did this war start? • Compare with others at your table. What did you remember? What did you forget? Who had the most?

  15. WWI Warfare Techniques

  16. Trench warfare Somme

  17. Poison Gas (outlawed after WWI)

  18. Rapid Firing Machine Guns

  19. Submarine Warfare (led to convoys) German U-9 - destroyed three ships in 75 minutes, including the Cressy

  20. Mines and underwater explosives Mines from Ottoman Empire

  21. Air fighting and Spying (planes and zeppelins) Zeppelin bombing raid “Dog Fight” above the trenches in WWI

  22. Tanks (broke the Western front) Introduced at battle of Somme, 1916, but could only go 3 mph. By 1918 able to cross trenches

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