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Are They or Aren’t They? Freshman Sexual Health Survey. Gulielma L. Fager, MPH Healthy Sexuality Education Coordinator University Health Services The University of Texas at Austin. The University of Texas at Austin’s Healthy Sexuality Education Program.
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Are They or Aren’t They?Freshman Sexual Health Survey Gulielma L. Fager, MPH Healthy Sexuality Education Coordinator University Health Services The University of Texas at Austin
The University of Texas at Austin’s Healthy Sexuality Education Program • Primary, secondary and tertiary prevention activities • Based on empowering choice
Primary Prevention Activities • Norm setting • Branded condom distribution • 60,000 last year
Secondary Prevention Activities • Free STI testing 2x a year • Healthy Sexuality Peer Educator Program • HSPEs lead: • Methods of Contraception classes • Healthy Sexuality workshops
Tertiary Prevention Activities • Crisis counseling for students • STI diagnosis/referral • Pregnancy concerns • Relationship issues
#9 It is now legal to use a vibrator And you can buy one at the old Whataburger
#4 UT’s Groundbreaking Sex Researchers David Buss, Psychology Cindy Meston Psychology Bob Jensen, Journalism Mark Regnerus, Sociology
Rationale: NCHA Limitations • Does not assess knowledge • Does not assess previous education • Risk determination complicated by survey timing
Rationale: Policy • Body of research on sex education highlights Texas • Texas #1 recipient of federal abstinence funding • Title V Grants • Community-Based Abstinence Education
Rationale: Curriculum • 94% of Texas public schools use Abstinence-Only education • Research on AOE is
Rationale: I Had No Clue • UT President Bill Powers, to me: • “Don’t they already know everything they need to know by the time they get here?”
Data from the National Center for Education Statistics. Digest of Education Statistics. July 2009. Table 268. “Degrees conferred by degree-granting institutions, by level of degree and sex of student: Selected years, 1869-70 through 2018-19.” accessed: http://contexts.org/socimages/2010/05/22/sex-college-degrees-and-campus-equity/degreegap-2/
Research Questions • What do they know? • What are they doing? • Where did they learn it?
Methods • Questions from ADD Health, ETR, and custom questions for sexual behavior • Skip pattern in behavior section • Reused email list for AlcoholEdu • Random sample of 3000 • Surveyed using Student Voice
Costs • Incentives: $500 • Survey Administration: • Included in StudentVoice membership
Results • 731 complete surveys • 58% female, 42% male • Responses collected 9/15-9/23/09 • Incentives: • 1 burnt orange iPod mini • 14 UT Snuggies • Condom tins for everyone
Surveys Submitted to Student Voice Response rate: 24%
Source of Information Those who received information from both were significantly more likely to have engaged in some type of sex and to have gotten an STI test.
Results: Knowledge Source Neither school nor parent significantly different from all other groups, but no difference between groups
Results: Knowledge & STI Test Statistically significant: F=4.167, p=.04 No other significant differences in behaviors based on knowledge
Results: Reproduction • Correct answer: False.
Results--Contraception Correct answer: It prevents pregnancy by preventing ovulation (the release of an egg)
Results: Condoms Correct answer: 98%
Results: Condoms Correct answer: False.
Results: Condoms Correct answer: False.
Results: Condoms Correct answer: False.
Results: STIs Correct answer: It is incurable.
Results: STIs Correct answer: It can cause cervical cancer, but most infections go away without treatment. Notable incorrect answer: 22% selected “It is the leading cause of death in women 18-25. (25% female, 18% male respondents)
Results: STIs Correct answer: Chlamydia. 48% selected “herpes.” (51% female, 43% male)
Results: STIs Correct answer: Very effective.
Age at first intercourse, US Mosher WD, Chandra A, Jones J. Sexual behavior and selected health measures: Men and women 15–44 years of age, United States, 2002. Advance data from vital and health statistics; no 362. Hyattsville, MD: National Center for Health Statistics. 2005.
Why aren’t they having sex: in their own words • don't feel like it • Finding someone who attracts you and you trust is difficult. • I don't believe in love and sex • I had a blood clot so can never take birth control (so more risky). • I haven't had the opportunity • I wasn't attracted to any of the girls who have offered. • I would lose respect for myself • I'm not in love with anyone. • It is not right in the eyes of God to fornicate • My girlfriend isn't ready yet • Sex is the ultimate expression of love between a man and a woman and should be saved for your marriage partner. Waiting only makes something that is already so special even better! • unlucky as hell • Waiting for it to feel right • We talk