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Is There L ife O ut T here? Our Solar System (and beyond)

Is There L ife O ut T here? Our Solar System (and beyond). Draw a picture of what you think life would look like on another planet, if it existed. Describe why you drew that image. What is needed for life to exist?. http://phl.upr.edu/library/notes/summarylimitsofthenewhabitablezone.

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Is There L ife O ut T here? Our Solar System (and beyond)

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  1. Is There Life Out There? Our Solar System (and beyond) Draw a picture of what you think life would look like on another planet, if it existed. Describe why you drew that image.

  2. What is needed for life to exist? http://phl.upr.edu/library/notes/summarylimitsofthenewhabitablezone • Liquid water • Habitable Zone • What can effect HZ? • Star – size and temperature • Distance from star • Size of planet • Structure of planet • Presence of atmosphere • Other source of heat

  3. Our Sun http://www.nasa.gov/images/content/524990main_FAQ10_full.jpg • How did it form? • Basic facts • 99.8% of mass • 100x diameter of Earth • 5,527oC • 92.1% H, 7.8% He • Plasma • Sun today

  4. Inner Solar Structure • Core • Dense • Hydrogen fusion • Radiative (radiation) zone • Uses radiation • Energy moves slowly • Convection zone • Uses convection • Materials rise and sink due to density • Moves more quickly

  5. Outer Solar Structure • Photosphere • Visible surface • Chromosphere • Red • High speed gas • Corona • Hot • Outermost layer • Seen during an eclipse

  6. Surface Feature Basics http://www.space.com/11506-space-weather-sunspots-solar-flares-coronal-mass-ejections.html http://oneminuteastronomer.com/1018/sunspots/ • Sunspots • Dark • Cold • Solar flares • High energy • Explosive • Prominence • Loops/arches http://spacefellowship.com/news/art21967/the-strange-case-of-solar-flares-and-radioactive-elements.html

  7. Daily Review #1 • Video • Write down your observations • Why did that happen? • Correct solar structure worksheet • What is needed for life as we know it? • Describe 3 things that would effect where life could be found in a solar system.

  8. Sunspot Lab

  9. Sun’s Magnetic Field http://www.cbsnews.com/8301-205_162-57597396/ • What is a magnetic field? • What causes a magnetic field? • On the Sun? • Effect of rotation • Different rotation rates • Magnetic field lines get wound up • Eventually snap • Causes a solar flare • Solar prominences • Follow magnetic field lines into space

  10. Daily Review #2 Solar Quiz – Get out a computer and log on to your account

  11. Sunspots • Cooler than nearby areas • Appear in pairs • Intense magnetic field • Lines go out and in • Predictable cycle • 11-years • Minimums • Last = 2008 • Low # of prominences, flares and sunspots • Cooler climate on Earth • Next maximum = 2013

  12. Solar Wind http://stereo.gsfc.nasa.gov/browse/2013/10/14/index.shtml • Hot, high speed, plasma streams • Corona expanding • Coronal Mass Ejections (CME) • Massive eruption • Rearrangement of magnetic field lines • One hit on 10/15/13 • Effects on Earth • Disrupt magnetic field shape • Danger to astronauts • Damage electronics • Aurora

  13. Aurora http://www.public.iastate.edu/~sdk/fick2003/october.html • Borealis or Australis • Interaction of particles and magnetic field • Particles drawn to poles • Colors • Elements • Altitude • Constantly changing • Video http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2011/09/pictures/110930-northern-lights-aurora-borealis-bright-colors/#/space163-aurora-borealis-from-space_41077_600x450.jpg

  14. Distances within our Solar System • Astronomical unit (AU) • Average distance from Sun to Earth • 1 AU= 9.3 x 107mi = 1.5 x 108km • Calculate the AU distance between the Earth and the Moon, 0.38 million km

  15. Nebular Theory • Origin of the Solar System Our Solar System formed from a giant, swirling cloud of gas & dust. • Depends on two principles of Physics: • •Newton’s Law of Gravity- gravitational potential energy ! heat • •Conservation of angular momentum - rotational motion is conserved

  16. Forming the Solar System http://www.seasky.org/solar-system/solar-system.html • Nebula • Inner edges • Heavier elements • Hotter • Rocky planets • Outer edges • Cooler • Lighter elements • Gas planets • Nebula  planetesimals  protoplanets http://lifeng.lamost.org/courses/astrotoday/CHAISSON/AT315/HTML/AT31502.HTM

  17. Formation – cont. http://csep10.phys.utk.edu/astr161/lect/solarsys/revolution.html • Asteroid belt • Smaller bodies • Irregularly shaped • Orbit, but may wobble • Effected by Jupiter • May leave and collide with planets • Evidence for formation from one nebula • Nearly circular orbits • Orbit in same direction • Orbits in same plane • Planets rotate in same direction (mostly)

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