The Photosynthesis & Cellular Respiration Shuffle

1. The Photosynthesis & Cellular Respiration Shuffle SEPUP- Activity 8

2. Challenge: How do CARBON & OXYGEN cycle through the environment? • With your partner… • READ the procedure. • Use the GREEN cards first! • Get a STAMP after Step 3, 9, 10, & AQs 1-4

3. Photosynthesis

4. Photosynthesis… in a Nut Shell Help! I’m in a nut shell! • Primary source of energy for plants and other producers is light from the sun. • Producers harness the sun’s energy to use carbon dioxide and water to make glucose and oxygen.

5. Photosynthesis… light • 6CO2 + 6H20  C6H12O6 + 6O2 • Endothermic reaction: absorbs energy

6. What do we need for Photosynthesis? • WHY wouldn’t I be able to perform photosynthesis if I were sitting in the sun, my dog was panting in my face (a.k.a. breathing CO2) & my neighbor dumped a bucket of water on me…?

7. Chloroplasts • Contain essential enzymes • Pigment chlorophyll • Without them, cannot harness light energy

8. Chloroplast Vocab • Chloroplast: membrane-bound organelle • Stroma: fluid interior of chloroplast • Thylakoids: membrane-enclosed structures that contain chlorophyll • Chlorophyll: a type of pigment; green • Pigments: substances that absorb light *Chlorophyll = necessary to use light energy

9. Chloroplast Diagram

10. Light Waves & Chlorophyll • Different wavelengths of light give off different amounts of energy • What is absorbed or reflected determines what color we see. • Chlorophyll is the pigment that absorbs or reflects light in plants.

11. Wavelength • Different wavelengths of light give off different amounts of energy • Shorter wavelengths have higher energy • Longer wavelengths have less energy

12. Phosynthetic Chlorophyll • Blue, red & violet colors are ABSORBED while green is reflected (which is why you see green)

13. 2 Photosynthetic Reactions • Light Dependent: occurs in the thylakoid and converts light energy to chemical energy to ATP (more on this later – I promise) • Light Independent (Calvin Cycle): occurs in the stroma and uses ATP to convert CO2 and H+ into glucose

14. Light Dependent Reaction • Requires light (duh!) • Happens in the thylakoid • Produces ATP, which stores energy for cells • When energy is needed, ATP breaks into ADP & P

15. Are you down with ATP…? • Scientifically, ATP is adenosine triphosphate • In real terms it is where energy from food is stored

16. Light Independent Reactions • Do NOT need light (double duh!) • Occur in stroma • Series of reactions called Calvin Cycle • Reduce CO2 to form glucose

17. You tell me! • What is the difference between light dependent and light independent reactions? • How are enzymes important to photosynthesis?

18. Factors Affecting the Rate of Photosynthesis • Rate: how fast or slow it happens • Depends on the number of factors • What are factors? What would be some of the factors that affect photosynthesis?? • Water • Temperature • Amount of Light

19. Factors • Water: If producer does not have enough water, photosynthesis can be slowed or even stopped • Temperature: affects enzymes; if too hot or too cold, enzymes will not function and photosynthesis will not occur • Amount of Light: generally more light leads to more photosynthesis, but there is a maximum limit where more light has no affect

20. Rate of Photosynthesis • WHY is RATE a critical part of photosynthesis? • If photosynthesis does not happen quickly enough, the producer will run out of stored energy and eventually die.

21. Think about this….. • There are specialized producers that live in warm water vents deep in the ocean. These producers do not perform photosynthesis, instead they are able to perform a similar process using iron and other chemicals. This process is chemosynthesis. • Why do you think these producers use this process instead of photosynthesis?