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FROM GENENTECH TO GANGAGEN

FROM GENENTECH TO GANGAGEN. AN ODYSSEY ON TWO CONTINENTS EPPIC PALO ALTO - FEB 20, 2003. Professional Training. B.Sc(Hons), Chemistry, Univ. of Madras Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore M.S. Chemistry, De Paul University, Chicago Ph.D. Univ. of California, Berkeley

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FROM GENENTECH TO GANGAGEN

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  1. FROM GENENTECH TO GANGAGEN AN ODYSSEY ON TWO CONTINENTS EPPIC PALO ALTO - FEB 20, 2003

  2. Professional Training • B.Sc(Hons), Chemistry, Univ. of Madras • Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore • M.S. Chemistry, De Paul University, Chicago • Ph.D. Univ. of California, Berkeley • Weizmann Memorial Fellow, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel

  3. Academic Experience • Professor of Biochemistry, University of California, San Francisco 1968 -1984 Intercellular Communication STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF THE PROTEIN AND POLYPEPTIDE HORMONES OF THE PITUITARY

  4. GENENTECH 1984 -1988 MOLECULAR BASIS OF TRANSMEMBRANE SIGNALLING • HUMAN INSULIN & IGF RECEPTORS • BETA ADRENERGIC RECEPTOR • MUSCARINIC ACETYLCHOLINE RECEPTOR SUBTYPES • GABA A RECEPTOR • PROLACTIN RELEASE INHIBITING HORMONE

  5. San Francisco - Stockholm-Bangalore Axis 1986 • Astra Research Centre India - Anand Kumar and Ivan Ostholm • Astra AB- Ulf Widengren, Sune Rosell and Sune Bergstrom • Rajiv Gandhi - Meeting in New York October 1985 • David Martin Jr - Genentech

  6. NEUREX CORPORATION 1988 - 1994 • VICE PRESIDENT R & D - ASSEMBLED R & D TEAM - CLOSED UNFOCUSED PROJECTS - DEVELOPED NEURONAL CALCIUM CHANNEL ANTAGONIST - FILED IND IN 1993 - IPO IN 1993

  7. FROM CONCEPT TO THERAPY - NEUREX R & D EXPLOIT DIVERSITY OF DRUG TARGET SUBTYPES TO DEVELOP HIGHLY SELECTIVE THERAPIES WITH MINIMAL SIDE EFFECTS

  8. DISCOVERY OF SNX 111 • ISOLATED FROM FISH-EATING CONE SNAILS OFF THE PHILIPPINES • SUCCESSFULLY SYNTHESIZED AT NEUREX • DEMONSTRATED TO BIND SELECTIVELY TO ONE SUBTYPE OF CALCIUM CHANNELS FOUND IN THE BRAIN

  9. ASTRA AND ASTRAZENECA 1986-2000 • RECRUITED HIGHLY TALENTED SCIENTISTS • ESTABLISHED DISCIPLINES FOR MODERN PHARMACEUTICAL R & D • DEVELOPED STAFF INTO MOTIVATED DRUG HUNTERS • MADE THE UNIT IN BANGALORE INTERNATIONALLY COMPETITIVE

  10. ANTI INFECTIVE PROGRAM • Transglycosylase Inhibitors as Broad Spectrum antiinfectives • Novel Bactericidal Drugs for Multidrug Resistant Mycobacterium Tuberculosis • Nonradioactive DNA Diagnostic for Malaria • Rapid Diagnostic for Shigella

  11. Need New Approaches to Combat Infections • Global emergence of drug resistant bacteria • Alarming increase in hospital based infections • Persistent bacterial contamination of food and consequent illnesses • Soaring costs of traditional therapies

  12. What is Phage Therapy? • Treatment of infections using specific natural agents (bacteriophages) that attack only bacteria • phages first detected in the waters of the Indian rivers Ganga (“Ganges”) and Yamuna HANKIN (1896) L’action bactericide des Eaux de la Jumna et du Gange sur le vibrion du cholera Ann. De l’Inst. Pasteur 10:511

  13. History of Phage Therapy • Pioneered by Felix d’Herelle (1917) • Used extensively for treating infections from 1917 - 1940 • remained controversial • mechanism poorly understood • Abandoned in the west after 1940 due to emergence of antibiotics • after 1940, pursued only in eastern Europe and the (former) Soviet Union

  14. Clinical Efficacy Of Phage Therapy • Felix d’Herelle’s Work in Treatment of Cholera in India • Routine Use of Phage Therapy in Tbilisi, Georgia • Extensive Clinical Trials in Poland

  15. Clinical Trials in Poland • B. Weber-Dabrowska et al. Arch. Immunol.Therap. Exper. 48, 547, 2000 • 1307 patients with resistant bacterial infection treated • Full recovery in 1123 cases(85.9%) • Transient improvement in 134(10.9%) • Ineffective in only 50 cases(3.8%)

  16. Advantages Of Phage Therapy • Self-replicating • Self-limiting • Highly Specific - no Damage to Beneficial Intestinal Bacteria • Minimal Side Effects • Rapid Development • Inexpensive Production

  17. ORGANIZATION

  18. GangaGen Focus • Developing World Diseases - GBPL Bangalore • Veterinary, Agricultural and Environmental Applications -GLSI Ottawa • Biosafety and Medical Applications - GangaGen Inc College Station, Texas

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