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Fourth Generation Manifestations in B Decays. July 24, 2006, ITEP , Moscow. Outline. I Introduction: Rates vs CPV 7 II D A = A K + p 0 - A K + p - 0 10 LO PQCD; D S in QCDF; Towards NLO PQCD
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Fourth Generation Manifestations in B Decays July 24, 2006, ITEP, Moscow
Outline I Introduction: Rates vs CPV 7 II DA = AK+p0-AK+p- 0 10 LO PQCD; DS in QCDF; Towards NLO PQCD III Consistency and b s Predictions 4 bsll vsDmBs; sin2FBs; AK*g ; IV 4 x 4 Unitarity: Z bb and Kaon constraints Predictions — KL p0nn; (DmD;) sin2FBd; 6 & AK+J/y3 V Conclusion 1 _ coworkers M. Nagashima, G. Raz, A. Soddu + H.n. Li, S. Mishima
Rates: P-EWP Interference Deshpande and He, PRL’95 (also Buras and Fleischer) Deshpande, He, WSH and Pakvasa, PRL’99 Stimulated by CLEO ‘98 d p0 _ d K0p K0p b s B- Kp Kp Kp0 Kp0 K- u u K0p0 K0p0 Precursor to Rc - Rn I. Introduction Rates vs CPV Rates: Pure EWP WSH, Soni, Willey, PRL’87 nondecoupling Measured Belle ’02 Z dominance for heavy top
Arhrib and WSH, EPJC’03 4th Generation as template Fleischer @ CKM05 • Comment • These ratios are • “bad” expt’lly: • sensitive to • K0 and p0systematics • Absolute rates, even • ratios, are subject to • theoretical uncertainty. • Direct CPV (or TCPV) are • better ratios expt’lly, and • theoretically: • subject to • strong phase only. No CPV Phase in Vts ? Great ! — Probe New Physics
On Boxes and Z Penguins nondecoupling GIM, charm, εK small ε’K, K pnn (still waiting) heavy top, sin2f1/b Bs Z dominance for heavy top 1986 2002 All w/ 3-gen., Just wait if there’s 4th D ! b’, t’ @ LHC
4th generation? — The jury is out … • Particle mass ~ EW scale Natural: • W, Z, H; top the only fermion, so … • Nn = 3, ca. 1989: b’ stock collapsed … • Well, now neutrino has mass Something extra out there • ➯ Pls attend A. Soddu talk at ICHEP • Trouble with S parameter (PDG04, 06) ? • - Possible if neutral lepton N relatively light, mN ~ 55 GeV • (Maltoni,) Novikov, Okun, Razanov, Vysotsky • - PDG: Direct b’/t’ search; Unitarity (CKM) listings • EW Dr: |mt’ –mb’ | ≲ MW eV Seesaw and 4th Generation Flavour In era of LHC, can Directly Search for b’, t’ Once and For All !
March of the B Penguins • EMP: B K*g 1993 (CLEO) • b sg 1995 (CLEO) • Strong P: B Kp, h’K1998 (CLEO) • Direct CPV 2004 (BaBar/Belle) • 4th gen. effect subdued … • EWP: B Kℓ+ℓ- 2002 (Belle) • b sℓ+ℓ- 2002 (Belle) • no apparent 4th gen. effect • So why bother ?
Belle PRL’04 Started theory work after this.
II DA=AK+p0-AK+p- 0 WSH, Nagashima, Soddu, PRL’05
Why DA = AK+p0- AK+p-> 0a Puzzle ? -10.81.7 %+44 % ? DA ~ 0 expected
d p0 _ d b s B- K- u u Why DA = AK+p0- AK+p-> 0a Puzzle ? -10.81.7 %+44 % ? DA ~ 0 expected Large C ? Large EWPenguin? Suppress Tree CPV Phase Need NP CPV Phase ∵ T and PEW ≈ same strong phase t, t’ 4th Gen. in EWP Natural
Effective b s Hamiltonian and t’ Effect SM 3 SM 4 new unitarity condition new penguin from t’
Wilson Coefficients at MW Scale (No New Operators) Tree nondecoupling QCD penguin SM4 naturally Impact on EWP EW penguin
LO PQCD Li, Sanda, Keum 2001 Factorizable Non- Factorizable Pa P T Penguin Annihilation w/ Strong Phase
d p0 _ d s b B- K- u u LO PQCD Factorizable Non- Factorizable PEW C (Ta)
ACP(K+p-) ~ -0.11, ACP(K+p0) ~ +0.04 ? From Constraints • Some parameter space allowed • fsb~ +p/2 favored by • both ACP(K+p0) • and ⊕ WSH, Nagashima, Soddu, PRL’05 Independently Unchanged by DmBs measurement
SfK0, SK0p0 hep-ph/0603097 WSH, Nagashima, Raz, Soddu Right trend forSpK, SfK QCDF NLO s3 PQCD LO NF (QCDF-LO)
3s BR range Robustness Against Hadronic Uncertainty QCDF Vary Hard spectator Weak Annihilation around QCDF“s3” value of • BRs: hadr. uncertainty • SpK, SfKRobust • Sh’Kdiluted away
WC + VC + QL + MP Li, (Sanda,) Mishima NLO PQCD ⊕ 4th Gen. WSH, Li, Mishima, Nagashima, in prep. DA 15% DS -0.11 vs -0.380.26 (data) SM3 input Toward NLO PQCD LO PQCD ⊕ 4th Gen. WSH, Nagashima, Soddu, PRL’05 DA 12% vs 15% (data)
Arhrib and WSH Hattori, Hasuike and Wakaizumi Yanir Constraints WSH, Nagashima, Soddu, PRL’05 4th generation not excluded Independently favored allowed
and Prospects Could Tevatron Measure These !? Just Around Corner! (SM3-like) Update at ICHEP ’06 Phase WSH, Nagashima, Soddu, PRL’05 ~ -0.2 to -0.7! Defintely BSM if measured !
Consistency and b sg Predictions PDG ’06 SM3 SM3 BR OK ACP ~ 0 far away beyond SuperB Heavy t’ effect decoupled for b sg
K0p Predictions AK0p+-AK0p0 14% Rc≲ Rn≈ 1.08 R≈ 0.94 -0.020.04 +0.020.13 HFAG (+0.11 0.18 0.08) Belle Not in good agreement — Await further test
_ IV 4 x 4 Unitarity: Z bb and Kaon constraints ➯ AK+J/y 0 ? WSH, Nagashima, Soddu, PRD’05 hep-ph/0605080
Parameterization for B (’n K; ’nb’) WSH, Soni, Steger, PLB ’87 SM3 s b 3 new angles, 2 new CPVphases
b d impose From b → s study 4 x 4 Unitarity ➯ Constraints SM3 We need to deal with mixing matrix in detail to keep Unitarity b s Kaon Cross Check !
(E. Pallante et al.) (J. Bijnens et al.) well-satisfy ! Constrain s dfrom K Physics (shaded) “Standard” No SM3 solution Therefore….
well-satisfy vs Vub ~ 0.01e-ig Disfavored Hard to tell apart (non-trivial) with present precision ∵ stringent s d
Implication for Current E391A U.L. Grossman-Nir Very hard to measure enhanced to or even higher !! In general larger than !! SM 3 Rate enhanced up to almost two orders !! ∵ Large CPV Phase
x ~ 0.22 “Typical” CKM Matrix Double Cabibbo (Too) Large/Imaginary b s b d
c J/y _ c t, t’ b s B- K- u u Intriguing “Prediction”: AJ/yK+ 0 ? WSH, Nagashima, Soddu, hep-ph/0605080 • B J/yK+ dominated by color suppressed b ccs (a2) • - Inclusion of SM3 Penguin does not alter Weak Phase ~ 0 • The amplitude above likely has Strong Phased • - B J/yK+ Rate is enhanced: “hadronic” • - Analogous to enhancement seen in B0 D0p0 • ➯ d ~ 30° • - Further support from Strong Phase in B J/yK*: d ~ 30° • Enter t’ effect: • - Weak Phaseeifsb • - Factorized amplitude : J/y spits off from virtual Z • ➯ d ~ 30° Likely Retained Expt Interference Making of DCPV !
PDG ’05 AJ/yK+ 0 ? indirect Belle/BaBar Another hint: Low SJ/yK? vs. 0.685 ± 0.032 HFAG 0.790 ± 0.031 UTfit similar toDS d ~ 30° PDG ’06
Prognosis for AJ/yK+ Measurement PDG ’06 Sign flip • AJ/yK+is getting serious: careful studies started • Systematics Study becomes Theme • — Needed towards SuperB !! Could be seen by 2008 ?! Better thanDA and DS?
Check AJ/yK + V. Conclusion b sCPV Phenomena Is Current NP Frontier Three ? Model-indep. treatmennt: Sinha, Basuda, WSH, hep-ph/0605194 • Sfinb sqq • AK+p--AK+p0 Puzzle • Sfinb scc ? Two Hints Can All 3 Arise from PEW w/ 4th Generation ? Seemingly Yes. Best Bets may besin2FBs< 0 and AJ/yK+ 0