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Testing the achievement motivation in case of recruiting new and young employees in the german public service

Testing the achievement motivation in case of recruiting new and young employees in the german public service. Structure of presentation:. Introduction Explaining the term „achievement motivation“ Theories of achievement motivation

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Testing the achievement motivation in case of recruiting new and young employees in the german public service

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  1. Testing the achievement motivation in case of recruiting new and young employees in the german public service

  2. Patrick Lenger

  3. Structure of presentation: • Introduction • Explaining the term „achievement motivation“ • Theories of achievement motivation • Is the motivation of achievement an important demand to find new employees? • Methods of testing achievement motivation • Summary/Resume/Result Patrick Lenger

  4. Structure of presentation: • Introduction • Explaining the term „achievement motivation“ • Theories of achievement motivation • Is the motivation of achievement an important demand to find new employees? • Methods of testing achievement motivation • Summary/Resume/Result Patrick Lenger

  5. 1.Introduction: Leasing questions through the presentation: 1.1 What is „achievement motivation“? What does the term exactly mean? 1.2 How can you visualize achievement motivation with the help of tests? Is achievement motivation measurable anyway? 1.3 Which theories are represented in the science of motivation? Patrick Lenger

  6. Structure of presentation: • Introduction • Explaining the term „achievement motivation“ • Theories of achievement motivation • Is the motivation of achievement an important demand to find new employees? • Methods of testing achievement motivation • Summary/Resume/Result Patrick Lenger

  7. 2.Explaining the term „achievement motivation“: 2.1 performance (achievement) 2.2 motivation 2.3 „achievement motivation“ Patrick Lenger

  8. Definition of „Performance“: • Physically Performance = Work kkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk Time Performance consists of different factors: • Capacity of performance (intelligence, expertise, age, personality, healthy) • Achievement motivation • Factors, which are depending on the person (character) Patrick Lenger

  9. Definition of „performance“: • The relationship between these factors is called „dopełniające się“ • dopełniające się means: A shortage in of these factors can only removed by an intensification other another factor • RESULT: achievement motivation is part of the human „performance“ in the job Patrick Lenger

  10. 2.Explaining the term: 2.1 performance (achievement) 2.2 motivation 2.3 „achievement motivation“ Patrick Lenger

  11. Definition of „motivation“: 2 terms are in the fore: • Motiv • Motivation Def.: „Motiv“ • Something that causes a person to act; „INCENTIVE“ „AIM“ (intrinsic or extrinsic incentive)  For example: needs (hunger) Patrick Lenger

  12. Definition of „motivation“: Def.: „Motivation“ • latin word: „movere“ english: „moving“ • Activation of a motiv to earn a special aim (goal) • „Willingness of action esp. Behaviour“  Reason for doing something • Motivation only starts with „INCENTIVIES“ (intrinsic/extrinsic) Patrick Lenger

  13. Definition of „motivation“: Definition in the business world: „Readiness of employees to evidence good performances (work)“ Patrick Lenger

  14. 2.Explaining the term: 2.1 performance (achievement) 2.2 motivation 2.3 „achievement motivation“ Patrick Lenger

  15. Definition of the whole term „achievement motivation“: „Somebodys will to realize his performance ability“ Human work consists of 3 main parts: • „Demand of performance by an organisation“ • „Factors, which are not depending on human beings“ • „Offer of performances by employees“ Achievement motivation is part of the „offer of performances by an employee“ Patrick Lenger

  16. Definition of the whole term „achievement motivation“: Result: „achievement motivation gives us a clue how much an employee is willing to carry out his performance on his job“ Patrick Lenger

  17. Structure of presentation: • Introduction • Explaining the term „achievement motivation“ • Theories of achievement motivation • Is the motivation of achievement an important demand to find new employees? • Methods of testing achievement motivation • Summary/Resume/Result Patrick Lenger

  18. 3. Theories of achievement motivation: 3.1 Hierachy of needs by A. Maslow 3.2 Theory of achievement motivation by David McClelland 3.3 Theory of achievement motivation by John William Atkinson Patrick Lenger

  19. 3. Theories of achievement motivation: 3.1 Hierachy of needs by A. Maslow 3.2 Theory of achievement motivation by David McClelland 3.3 Theory of achievement motivation by John William Atkinson Patrick Lenger

  20. Hierachy of needs by A.Maslow • Name: Abraham Harold Maslow • Birth: 01.04.1908 in Brooklyn, New York • studied law • was the founder of the humanistic psychology • died in 1970 in case of a heart attack Patrick Lenger

  21. Hierachy of needs by A.Maslow • In the 1950´s: evolved a theory (pyramid) about the human needs • The human basic needs develop themselve in a stipulated order • The lowest motiv is so long the most important motiv, as long as it is not satisfied • If the motiv will be satisfied, it goes to the next most important motiv on the hierachy (pyramid) • He is called the „father of modern management“ Patrick Lenger

  22. Hierachy of needs by A.Maslow Patrick Lenger

  23. Hierachy of needs by A.Maslow Reduction to 3 classes of needs: • Existence needs (physiolocigal and safety needs) • Relatedness needs (social needs) • Growth needs (esteem needs, self-actualization)  If needs are not satisfied human beings are motivated and want to satisfy them (INCENTIVIES, MOTIVES) Patrick Lenger

  24. 3. Theories: 3.1 Hierachy of needs by A. Maslow 3.2 Theory of achievement motivation by David McClelland 3.3 Theory of achievement motivation by John William Atkinson Patrick Lenger

  25. Theory of achievement motivation by David McClelland • Birth: 20.05.1917 in Mt. Vernon, New York • worked 30 years for the Harvard University • became famous for his researches in achievement motivation • developed with Atkinson the „Thematic Apperception Test“ (TAT-test) • died in March 1998 in age of 80 Patrick Lenger

  26. Theory of achievement motivation by David McClelland He proceeded from 3 central and dominating needs: • need for achievement (nAch) • need for affiliation (nAff) • need for power (nPow) • important thesis for this theory: Attemption to avoid: • losing power • failure in job or exercise Patrick Lenger

  27. Theory of achievement motivation by David McClelland Need for achievement (nAch): People with a high nAch want to be challenged by exercises with a high standard (looking for praise and success)  manager Need for affiliation (nAff): People with a high nAff needing harmonious relationships and want to feel accepted by other people Patrick Lenger

  28. Theory of achievement motivation by David McClelland Need of power (nPow): 2 types of nPow: • institutional  people want to direct other people • personal  people want to organize the efforts of others to further the goals of the organization (more EFFECTIVENESS) Result: • Motivation arise from dominating needs (motives) as well similar to the theory of Maslow • everyone has these needs  but they are malleable by culture or personal experience Patrick Lenger

  29. 3. Theories: 3.1 Hierachy of needs by A. Maslow 3.2 Theory of achievement motivation by David McClelland 3.3 Theory of achievement motivation by John William Atkinson Patrick Lenger

  30. Theory of achievement motivation by John William Atkinson • Birth: 31.12.1923 in Jersey City, New Jersey • was world war II veteran, teacher, and psychologist • developed with McClelland the „TAT-test“ • died: 27.10.2003 Patrick Lenger

  31. Theory of achievement motivation by John William Atkinson Very important for this theory are 2 terms: • Fear of failure • Hope to success „Setting aims“ depend on 2 facts: • probability of success • incentive of success Patrick Lenger

  32. Theory of achievement motivation by John William Atkinson probability of success: • The easier an exercise is the higher is the probability to have success Incentive of success: • The Incentive of success increases with the difficulty of an exercise Patrick Lenger

  33. Theory of achievement motivation by John William Atkinson • Atkinson put his main emphasis on „thedifficulty of an exercise“ (level of exercise)  What do you want to reach??  high or low level?? Result: The motiv of performance (achievement) consist of 2 individual motives: • searching for success (high level) • avoiding failure (low level) Patrick Lenger

  34. Structure of the presentation: • Introduction • Explaining the term „achievement motivation“ • Theories of achievement motivation • Is the motivation of achievement an important demand to find new employees? • Methods of testing achievement motivation • Summary/Resume/Result Patrick Lenger

  35. Achievement motivation – Important demand? • achievement motivation (will to carry out his performance on the job) = basis of human work  important for the selection of new employees! • it doesn‘t matter how intelligent/able someone is non-motivated employees: • will not prove their work • are not able to exhaust 100% of their capacity of capability  not efficient for an organization!! Patrick Lenger

  36. Achievement motivation – important demand? personnel department must answer 2 questions: • how hard tries the applicant to have success? • how hard tries the applicant to avoid failure?  compare wih theory of John William Atkinson Patrick Lenger

  37. Structure of the presentation: • Introduction • Explaining the term „achievement motivation“ • Theories of achievement motivation • Is the motivation of achievement an important demand to find new employees? • Methods of testing achievement motivation • Summary/Resume/Result Patrick Lenger

  38. Methods of testing achievement motivation: • 5.1. Inventory of achievement motivation by Schuler (germ.: LMI) • 5.2. BIP = Inventory by the university of Bochum • 5.3. Thematic Apperception Test (TAT-test) Patrick Lenger

  39. Methods of testing achievement motivation: • 5.1. Inventory of achievement motivation by Schuler (germ.: LMI) • 5.2. BIP = Inventory by the university of Bochum • 5.3. Thematic Apperception Test (TAT-test) Patrick Lenger

  40. Inventory of achievement motivation (LMI) sphere of operation: • developed by Schuler in 2001 • used in fields like personell selection and management, sportpsychology, science of motivation and science ofpersonality • practicable from 16 year old people on Patrick Lenger

  41. Inventory of achievement motivation (LMI) proceeding: • 17-scale test with 170 items measuring achievement motivation in the job • each scale has 10 items (questions which must be answered) • items are, for the most part, couched in a context with work • length: normal test 35 min. small test 10 min. Patrick Lenger

  42. Inventory of achievement motivation (LMI) Example for itmes • DOMINANCE: tendency to exercise power over other people  taking initiative and control over activities • FEARLESSNESS: degree of absence of a fear of failing at difficult tasks FLEXIBILITY, SELF-CONTROL, GOAL SETTING, INTERNALITY……. Patrick Lenger

  43. Inventory of achievement motivation (LMI) representation/analysis: • analysis by an extern firm • graphicaly presentation with numbers  comprehending to oneself and outstanding people • get an expert opnion as well Patrick Lenger

  44. Methods of testing achievement motivation: • 5.1. Inventory of achievement motivation by Schuler (germ.: LMI) • 5.2. BIP = Inventory by the university of Bochum • 5.3. Thematic Apperception Test (TAT-test) Patrick Lenger

  45. Inventory by the university of Bochum (BIP) sphere of operation: • used in fields personell selection and management • suitable for coaching-exercises to find the strong and weak sides of an employee • shows in which sphere you can get better • practicable up from 20 year old people and/or for working people • developed by students in the 90‘s and continuously developed into Patrick Lenger

  46. Inventory by the university of Bochum (BIP) proceeding: • consists of 251 items (stetemnts) and 17 scales (characteristics) • test persons must value job specific statements (for example „I like taking full responsibility for decisions“) test has 4 personality characteristic: • social competence • psychic consitution • professional orientation • the way of working • length: 30-60 min. Patrick Lenger

  47. Inventory by the university of Bochum (BIP) representation/analysis: • analysis by an extern firm • graphicaly presentation with numbers  comprehending to oneself and outstanding people • get an expert opnion as well Patrick Lenger

  48. Methods of testing achievement motivation: • 5.1. Inventory of achievement motivation by Schuler (germ.: LMI) • 5.2. BIP = Inventory by the university of Bochum • 5.3. Thematic Apperception Test (TAT-test) Patrick Lenger

  49. Thematic Apperception Test (TAT-test) sphere of operation: • developed in 1935 and used first time by Henry A. Murry, american psychologist • years later McClelland worked on the test to measure motives of achievement motivation for the first time • can be used in every section of life, especially used in personel management • has no limitation for a kind of people or age Patrick Lenger

  50. Thematic Apperception Test (TAT-test) proceeding: • test persons get black-white pictures (allowed to look at 15-30 sec.) • situations in the jobs  must tell a story • What goes on? What thoughts or feelings has the person in the picture?........ • length: depending on how many pictures the person shall see and tell a story (1 story 4 min.) Patrick Lenger

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