Migration: Theory, Research and Practice in Guidance and Counselling

1. Migration: Theory, Research and Practice in Guidance and Counselling Dr Deirdre Hughes (Co-Editor), Dr Gideon Arulmani (Guest Editor), Prof.FusunAkkokk (Guest Editor) & Helmut Zelloth (Guest Editor)

2. History and Aims of the British Journal of Guidance and Counselling • The journal is among the longest established journals in our field - https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/713652315 • Situated in that part of the helping-by-talking professions where advice and guidance overlap with counselling, which itself overlaps with psychotherapy • Very deliberate, and fiercely defended, commitment to including as many papers as possible that are directly relevant for, and likely to be read by, practitioners • Reports of research but also include (and want to encourage) papers on policy, practice, interviews with key figures and giving the personal view of the authors alongside case studies etc. AIMS • Publish work that sets trends and provokes fresh thought and innovation in the practice and understanding of counselling, psychotherapy and career guidance • Communicate, enrich and advance theory, research, policy and practice in these fields • Provide a high quality platform to authors from across the globe, and from diverse, cultural backgrounds and disciplines • Interdisciplinary and international • Manuscripts are published under three broad headings: (a) counselling and psychotherapy; (b) career counselling and career development in particular; and (c) cross-disciplinary issues relevant to these specific areas.

3. Migration: Theory, research and practice in guidance and counselling Special Issue - why do we need it? Migration is as old as the history of humanity Today all over the world people make one of the most challenging decisions in their lives: to leave their homes and townships in search of a safer and/or better life Migration can result in the transfer of skills, knowledge and technology and have considerable impacts on productivity, social and economic growth KEY FACTORS: • Refugee; Migrant; Asylum-Seeker often described as people on the move, who have left their countries and have crossed borders • Migrant and Refugee terms are often used interchangeably but it is important to distinguish between them as there is a legal difference (Amnesty International, 2018) • “Them” and “Us” – what are the common concerns? • It requires receiving government and communities to accept new arrivals It takes individuals time to adapt to the reality of their new lives …and successfully finding housing, education, training and/or work enables adjustment and successful transitions into new communities WHY DO WE NEED IT Insufficient empirical research on migrants’ identity transformation and their lived experiences in new community settings Difficult process for individuals and families and the effects are significantly under-reported and under-researched :

4. Walls, Borders, Boats, Camps, Restricting Access…

5. Research shows people face a number of barriers WHO WE ARE AIMING TO OFFER GUIDANCE AND COUNSELLING TO? Refugees Asylum Seekers Migrants … with a particular focus on guidance and counselling In response we have 9 high quality academic articles and a Book Review The BJGC has delivered findings ranging from hope-action programmes, cultural preparedness, identity as a key to parenting by 1.5 generation Korean-New Zealand migrants, therapeutic work with people who are seeking asylum, sociocultural adjustment and well being of Syrian refugees, a job-seeking competency model, families left behind at the source of migration, first generation migrant adolescents in Finnish secondary education and mental health literacy, attitudes and help seeking intentions amongst tertiary students

6. Some brief insights to articles… Yoon, Bailey, Admundson and Niles – The Effect of a Career Development Programme: Hope Action Theory • Applied in the context of working with Syrian refugees in British Columbia. • They assess the proximal and distal outcomes of a career development training programme for refugees using a two-way mixed effects analysis of covariance and a serial mediation analysis. • Discussion on the need to create the conditions and chances for refugee newcomers to tell their unique stories during training. Kim and Agee – ‘Where are you from?’ Identity as a key to parenting by 1.5 generation Korean-New Zealand migrants and implications for counselling • This qualitative study considers the identity-related experiences as migrants • The term 1.5 generation refers to people who immigrated as children, old enough to remember their native country and retain its culture, yet young enough to adapt naturally to the new country and its culture. • The authors reflect on the challenges of migration and identity journeys. Cowles and Griggs – Considering boundaries when doing therapeutic work with people who are seeking asylum: a reflective case study • Put the spotlight on the challenges and dilemmas practitioners face in trauma focused work • Focus on people who are seeking asylum who have often lived experience of their personal boundaries and human rights being violated • Explore boundaries crossings in the therapeutic relationship

7. Gideon Arulmani, Guest Editor The cultural preparedness model of aspiration and engagement: understanding the dynamic of integration 1. Cultural Learning 2. Enculturation 3. Cultural Preparation Status Equilibrium 4. Acculturation 5. Alteration of the Equilibrium 6. Emergence of a new Equilibrium

8. Aspiration and Engagement (A-E) • A Model to Understand the Career Development Needs of Immigrants • One-to-one conversations by the author between the years 2000-2017 with 84 first generation immigrants, from 35 developing countries living in 9 high income countries. • 47 male; 37 female. • Age range: 18 to 55 years (Mean Age: 36 years). • Countries of origin: Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria, Andorra, Angola, Argentina, Bangladesh, Bulgaria, Cambodia, Cameroon, Caribbean, Congo, Côte d'Ivoire, Croatia, Eritrea, Ghana, India • Iraq (Kurdish), Kosovo, Lebanon, Morocco, Philippines, Poland, Serbia, Somalia, South Africa, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Syria, Thailand, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkey (Kurdish), Ukraine, Vietnam. • Reason for Shift: better prospects, loss of livelihood and property, marriage, political unrest, war.

9. Aspirations and Engagement • All people aspire to a “better life” through their career development. • From the side of the system, in almost all cases, systems, services and supports have been created to help the citizen achieve his or her aspirations and build a prosperous life. • However, this requires a certain type of engagement between the system and the person.

10. Client Features Provision of services to fulfil aspirations Preparedness to use / optimise these services Aspirations System Features

11. Career Development and Immigrants: Same experience, different reactions • 30 year old Vietnamese female. Master’s degree in psychology. Worked as head of procurement for a large NGO, reaching nearly 15,000 youth: “I think it would be easier if I just started again. Anyway I always wanted to change my career! So here’s my chance.” She is presently working in the janitorial department of a school while studying to be a chef. • 32 year old Indian female. Worked as a mid level accountant for Ernst and Young in her country: “All my education, my experience, my status… all gone. I cant take this.” Became seriously depressed and suicidal. • 29 year old Sri Lankan female. Master’s degree in education. Worked as a head of school: “I think what they say is true. The first generation of an immigrant family, must sacrifice for the children. So, I’ll just settle down and be a good mother and wife…Forget a career for me.” Gave up her wishes to be a professional educator. • 25 year old Indian female. Master’s degree in food technology. Worked in a large food processing firm. “They don’t recognise my degree… want me to do it all over again. WTF! I gave them the finger. I’m making stuff and selling – no license no nothing. People love my stuff. So I’m making my money – without starting over!” Makes pickles, jams and juices and sells them to a circle of buyers, off the record, without qualifications. Credentials not recognised by host country

12. Aspiration and Engagement

13. Some brief insights to articles… El Khoury – Factors that Impact the Sociocultural Adjustment and Well - Being of Syrian Refugees in Stuttgart, Germany • Investigates the impact of age, gender, language and acculturation choice • Correlation analysis and ‘t’ tests • A case is made for coaching designed for refugees in sociocultural adjustment Yoon et al. A job seeking competency model for North Korean defectors who are college students in South Korea • Examines cognitive change and development • Delphi method with a panel of 17 experts and through three Delphi rounds, 18 job seeking competences identified • Discusses ideas for enhancing the validity and utility of the competency model Kumar – Families left behind at the source of migration: implications for career guidance practitioners • Considers occupational identity and left behind families of pine resin tappers in India • Literature review reveals greater focus on international rather than internal migration

14. Some brief insights to articles… • Molin- Karakoc and Ikola – Learning Engagement as a target for interventions: a qualitative study of first-generation migrant adolescents in Finnish secondary education • School engagement among migrant students • Integration, socialisation, development and well-being • Qualitative study indicates a need for reshaping support services: cultural capital, multi-lingual literacies, in and out of school relationships • Clough et al. – A comparison of mental health literacy, attitudes, and help seeking intentions among domestic and international • tertiary students • Underscore the relative neglect in examining distress or help seeking knowledge and attitudes • Examines psychological distress, mental health literacy, and help-seeking attitudes • Tailored services and interventions, mental health professions, knowledge and experience

15. BOOK REVIEW BY EMERITUS PROFESSOR HAZEL REID BJGC 2019, VOL. 47, NO.1. 136-138 Unravelling Europe’s ‘Migration Crisis’. Journeys over land and sea by Heaven Crawley, Franck Duvell, Katherine Jones, Simon McMahon and Nando Sigona, Bristol: University of Bristol Policy Press, 2018, 183pp., ISBN 9781447343219 £12.99 (paperback) • “Everyone should read this book” • “Of interest to anyone practicing, researching or teaching in education and any helping/social services….. • “Policymakers at various levels of power within organisations and governments would also find this an insightful read.” • “Arguments are compelling, backed up by references and relevant statistical information, but drawing on 500 migrants who crossed the Mediterranean in 2015…”

16. New Calls for Papers • Revitalising career counselling to help workers re-design their career-lives and find sustainable, decent work – For submission Guidelines visit: https://think.taylorandfrancis.com/cfp-beh-cbjg-cfp-si-18-modernising-guidance/ • Counselling, Psychotherapy and Career Support Services in Asia – For submission Guidelines visit: https://think.taylorandfrancis.com/counselling-psychotherapy-career-support-services-in-asia/?utm_source=CPB_think&utm_medium=cms&utm_campaign=JOG10351 • Career developmental learning in childhood: A critical analysis – For submission Guidelines visit: https://think.taylorandfrancis.com/career-developmental-learning-in-childhood/?utm_source=TFO&utm_medium=cms&utm_campaign=JOH10942

17. We are keen to remain engaged with you… If you are interested in contributing to the British Journal of Guidance and Counselling Visit: https://www.tandfonline.com/loi/cbjg20 EDITORS Dr. AnuradhaBakshi, Co-Editor, Career Guidance and Counselling Email: anustra@gmail.com Dr Stephen Goss, Co-Editor, Counselling and Psychotherapy Email: stephenpgoss@gmail.com Dr Deirdre Hughes, Co-Editor, International Symposium Series Dr ReinekkeLengelle, Co-Editor, International Symposium Series Email: deirdre.hughes3@btinternet.com Email: soulwork@tic.ab.ca BOOK REVIEWS Dr Siobhan Neary, Co-Editor, Careers Guidance books Dr YasuKotera, Co-Editor, Counselling and Psychotherapy books