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WLI 1 st Regional Coordination Meeting (ICARDA, Aleppo, Syria, 13-15 February, 2011 Yemen

WLI 1 st Regional Coordination Meeting (ICARDA, Aleppo, Syria, 13-15 February, 2011 Yemen. Republic Of Yemen. Dr. Khader Balem Atroosh (National Focal Point, WLI, Yemen). Work Team:. Bio-Physical Team. Socio-Economic Team. Technician & Extension Assistances Team.

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WLI 1 st Regional Coordination Meeting (ICARDA, Aleppo, Syria, 13-15 February, 2011 Yemen

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  1. WLI 1st Regional Coordination Meeting(ICARDA, Aleppo, Syria, 13-15 February, 2011Yemen

  2. Republic Of Yemen Dr. Khader Balem Atroosh (National Focal Point, WLI, Yemen)

  3. Work Team: Bio-Physical Team Socio-Economic Team Technician & Extension Assistances Team

  4. Part I: Bio-physical characterization Location: The Abyan delta plain is located in an arid to sub-tropical area, approximately between latitudes 13o 04’ to 13o 18’ N, and longitudes 45o 08’ to 45o 30’ E. It lies at the Gulf of Aden, about 55 km east of Aden. Abyan Delta

  5. Part I: Bio-physical characterization • I.1 General Information Population of Abyan Delta (Population, houses and construction census 2004).

  6. Part I: Bio-physical characterization • I.1 General Information • Land Use

  7. Part I: Bio-physical characterization Descriptions of soil map legend • I.2 Agro-ecosystem characterization

  8. Part I: Bio-physical characterization • I.2 Agro-ecosystem characterization The distribution of land suitability types in the Abyan Delta. The distribution of land suitability types in the Abyan Delta. Deficiencies: s = soil sa = salinity t = topography d = drainage Q = sands and beaches SD = sand dunes W = wabi bed U = settlement

  9. Part I: Bio-physical characterization Observed Wadi Bana Flows During the period of 1948-2008 • I.2 Agro-ecosystem characterization

  10. Part I: Bio-physical characterization • I.2 Agro-ecosystem characterization

  11. Cv. = 0.460 Cs = 1.2 R = 0.98 Chi-Sq = 39.305 •• Observed __ Expected

  12. Part I: Bio-physical characterization • I.2 Agro-ecosystem characterization

  13. Cropped Area Map of the Abyan Delta By: Pelgrum H. et all, Satellite Imagery for Cropping Pattern and Irrigated Area Monitoring, MAI, July 2009.

  14. EXAMPLE of BANANA PLANTATIONS 16 Apri; 2006 Classification result Uncropped Single Season Crops Double Season Crops Perennial Crops Banana A colour composite is shown together with the classification result.

  15. Part I: Bio-physical characterization Land Cover Plants • I.2 Agro-ecosystem characterization

  16. Part I: Bio-physical characterization Land Cover Plants • I.2 Agro-ecosystem characterization

  17. Part I: Bio-physical characterization • I.2 Agro-ecosystem characterization Groundwater Abstraction in Delta Abyan

  18. Part I: Bio-physical characterization • I.2 Agro-ecosystem characterization Groundwater Table, m in the Delta Abyan 2008-2010

  19. Well Density in the Abyan Delta, (2083 wells) Batis Alhusn Gaar Almakhzan Zingebar Alshaikh Abdulah Elkod

  20. Part I: Bio-physical characterization • The main findings: • The total cultivated area is about 14173 hectares, • Spate irrigated areas are equivalent about 79.04% of the cultivated area in the delta. The groundwater irrigated area is equivalent about 20.96% of the cultivated area in the delta. • Bananas Occupied the first place between fruit crops. Cultivation is concentrated in the bottom of the Delta by 72.15% of the bananas cultivation. • Spate irrigated areas are concentrated at the top and central Delta, while groundwater irrigated areas are concentrated in the bottom of the Delta. • An area of field crops occupied 82.06% of the cultivated area. • Tomato is the main vegetable and occupies about 30.41% of the group. • There is a significant change in the crop structure into fruits, where the banana, mango and papaya are being expanded especially in the bottom and top of the Delta. • There are declining in the watermelon cultivations for the yellow mosaic viruses. • Long-staple Cotton is the main crop growing under spate irrigation. • Intercropping is practiced by farmers, but at low rates.(Banana + Papaya + Onion + Tomatoes + Radishes). • There is a large of research techniques are not adopted by farmers. The adopted research techniques occupied 55.3%, 55.2% and 62.2% of the totals for vegetables, fruits and field crops respectively. • I.2 Agro-ecosystem characterization

  21. Part II: Socio-economic Characterization • II.1 Livelihood assessment: Set up and size of agricultural family in Abyan Delta ( Result of questionnaire)

  22. Part II: Socio-economic Characterization II.1 Livelihood assessment: Age category and educational level for agricultural families ( Result of questionnaire )

  23. Part II: Socio-economic Characterization Economic return for major crops cultivated in Abyan Delta II.1 Livelihood assessment:

  24. Part II: Socio-economic Characterization II.1 Livelihood assessment: Sources of income and its contribution in agricultural family livelihood in Abyan Delta ( By Questionnaire) * Local taxis, small kiosks and other work (Group discussion)

  25. Part II: Socio-economic Characterization • II.2 Livestock characterization Number of animals in Abyan governorate for years 2005-2009 (Agricultural statistics book)

  26. Part III: weaknesses and opportunities for improving rural livelihoods at the Abyan Delta • Weaknesses: • Decline in efficiency of spate irrigation network and need rehabilitation of its structures and components . • Inadequate of periodic maintenance for main and secondary canals and seasonal preparations for arrival of spate irrigation. • Random distribution of spate irrigation water and lack of access of spate water to many areas. • High cost of diesel and its continuous non availability at fuel stations in most of time. • Decreasing of groundwater table and salting of groundwater in many tube wells. • High cost of agricultural inputs (seed, fertilizers and pesticides). • Spread of agricultural pests on several crops and inefficiency of available pesticide to control pests ( watermelon chlorotic stunt disease, tomato leaf curl etc.). • Absence of agricultural extension who were active in several regions on Abyan Delta.

  27. Part III: weaknesses and opportunities for improving rural livelihoods at the Abyan Delta • Weaknesses: • Low price of banana sold mostly in the farm to wholesale merchants at constant price on long term agreement. • Low price of several vegetable crops particularly, tomato during peak of season and its piling. • Absence of modern marketing infrastructure to accommodate seasonal productions. • Monopoly of wholesale merchants in the market and inefficient role of agricultural production marketing society and relevant societies in marketing. • Absence of potential activities of societies and weak performance of cooperative works. • Weak monitoring ,support and encouragement from agriculture and Irrigation office and local authorities.

  28. Part III: weaknesses and opportunities for improving rural livelihoods at the Abyan Delta • Priorities: • Capacity building of water users' associations in water use efficiency. • Encouragement adoption of irrigation water saving technology. • Encouragement of cooperative movement and role of civil community organizations (NGOs) in Abyan Delta , past, present and future prospects with the objective to support participation of community and its organizations in agricultural and rural development , resource management and local affairs. • Support of institutional building of spate irrigation and revive the legal relationship in Abyan Delta with the objective to activate and improve the water resource management. • Support agricultural research and extension in Abyan Delta and revive its role for agricultural and rural development. • Study the experience of saving and credit of women groups in Abyan Delta , demonstrate the success and disseminate this experience. • Participatory Monitoring and evaluation for adoption of agricultural recommendation by farmers released by research .

  29. List of potential stakeholders at the benchmark site (including also NGOs) • El Kod Agricultural Research Station, El Kod. • National Water resource Authority, Abyan governorate • Farmers in Abyan Delta, beneficiaries from this initiative. • Agricultural Extension Service , Abyan governorate • Agricultural associations (specialize and multipurpose). • Irrigation Water Users' associations • Women's associations • Youth associations • Union of Agricultural Cooperative, Abyan governorate. • Union of Yemeni Women , Abyan governorate • Agricultural and Irrigation Office , Abyan governorate • Spate Irrigation Department , Abyan governorate • Plant protection organization , Abyan governorate • Insurance and Social Affairs Office , Abyan governorate • Local councils in governorate and districts • Institutions engaged in agricultural i.e. Al Maaz Company and agricultural input merchants

  30. Thank you for your attention

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